40 Questions
What is the stage in embryonic development where the male and female pronuclei fuse?
Zygote formation
Which of the following germ layers gives rise to the nervous system?
Ectoderm
What is the term for the study of the structural organization of embryos?
Embryogenesis
Which type of stem cell has the ability to differentiate into any cell type in the body?
Totipotent
What is the term for substances that can cause birth defects or abnormal development during embryonic development?
Teratogens
What is the term for the process by which the blastocyst undergoes rapid cell division?
Cleavage
Which of the following tissues is NOT derived from the mesoderm?
Epithelium
What is the term for the tube-like structure that forms during embryonic development and gives rise to the nervous system?
Neuronal tube
What is the term for the three primary layers of cells that form during embryonic development?
Germ layers
What is the term for the process by which the embryo undergoes a series of complex cellular movements and transformations to form the three primary germ layers?
Gastrulation
What is the basis for the central nervous system?
Ectoderm
What is the purpose of the notochord?
All of the above
What are the three main components of a somite?
Sclerotome, Myotome, and Dermotome
What is the function of the lateral plate mesoderm?
Formation of cartilage and bones of the body and limbs
What is the role of the splanchnic mesoderm?
Contributes to the formation of serous membranes
What is the origin of the primordial germ cells?
Epiblast
What is the function of the anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)?
Degeneration of Mullerian ducts
What is the result of the absence of a Y chromosome?
Development of ovaries
What is Freemartinism?
A congenital anomaly in cattle
What is the term for the developmental process by which somites differentiate?
Somitogenesis
What is the consequence of the notochord giving rise to the axial skeleton?
Development of the vertebral column and intervertebral discs
Which germ layer gives rise to the epidermal structures of the skin?
Ectoderm
What is the result of the neural folds contacting during neural tube formation?
Rearrangement of neural ectoderm cells to form the neural tube
What is the primary function of the notochord?
To provide direction for the development of the vertebral column
Which structure is formed during gastrulation?
Blastocele
What is the origin of the nervous system?
Ectoderm
What is the derivative of the mesoderm?
Connective tissues and muscle tissue
What is the second step of neural tube formation?
Neural folds dip down producing the neural groove
Which germ layer gives rise to the epithelial lining of the digestive and respiratory systems?
Endoderm
What is the purpose of the primitive node during embryonic development?
To determine the direction of growth of the notochord
What is the term for an agent or factor that can cause congenital anomalies during embryo or fetal growth and development?
Teratogen
What is the critical period when teratogens can have the most significant effect on embryonic development?
During organ and limb development
What is the term for stem cells that can differentiate into any cell type in the body?
Totipotent
What is the process by which a zygote divides to become a multicellular embryo?
Cleavage
What is the term for the compact ball of cells that forms during blastulation?
Morula
What is the term for the process by which the blastocyst hatches from the zona pellucida?
Hatching
What are the three primary germ layers that form during gastrulation?
Ectoderm, Endoderm, and Mesoderm
What is the term for the process by which cells of the epiblast replace cells of the hypoblast to form the endoderm?
Bilaminar disc formation
What is the term for the thickening of the epiblast that marks the beginning of gastrulation?
Primitive streak
What is the term for the cavity that forms within the blastocyst during gastrulation?
Blastocoele
This quiz covers the basics of embryology, including the origin of tissues, stem cells, zygote formation, and gastrulation. Learn about the main tissue types, germ layers, and terminology related to embryonic development.
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