Embryology and Developmental Toxicity Quiz

Embryology is the field of developmental and cell-line-derived stem cell-derived platforms, which are used to assess developmental toxicity. These platforms include the whole-embryo culture (WEC), the limb bud micromass culture, and the mouse embryonic stem cell test (mEST). The whole embryo culture uses explanted rodent embryos at the 1-5 somite stage, the early organogenesis stage, and is cultured in roller bottles for 48-72 h. At the beginning of the culture, test compounds are added to the culture medium at various concentrations, and embryos are examined for factors such as heartbeat, yolk sac circulation, and growth, as measured by crown-rump length and/or protein content and morphology.

Developmental toxicity is a significant risk during the early fetal stages and organogenesis, which is the process of organ development in the embryo from the third to eighth week after conception. Teratogenesis is the disturbed growth process involved in the production of a malformed neonate, and there are six principles of teratology as defined by Wilson. Teratogenic factors pose a greater risk to the fetus, as these abnormalities may go undetected until birth.

Teratogenesis can be caused by various factors, including genetic abnormalities passed on from the parents or environmental factors such as drugs, chemicals, or infections. The developing fetus is fragile, especially in early embryogenesis, when the body starts to build tissues and organs. Mindfulness and avoidance of teratogenic factors are of the up