Embryology 1 Quiz Review
32 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What happens to the number of primordial follicles during the foetal period?

  • They decrease rapidly
  • They remain constant
  • They vastly increase and then degenerate (correct)
  • They stop growing

    • What is a secondary follicle?

  • A follicle with more than one layer of granulosa cells (correct)
  • A follicle with one layer of granulosa cells
  • A follicle with multiple oocytes
  • A follicle without granulosa cells

    • Do new oocytes form after birth?

  • Yes, occasionally
  • No, never (correct)
  • Only in certain cases
  • Yes, continuously

    • What forms the zona pellucida?

    <p>The granulosa cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to PGCs in the gonad of a genetic female?

    <p>They differentiate into oogonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the theca interna?

    <p>Supportive role</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does it take for spermatogenesis to produce spermatozoa from germ cells?

    <p>64 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long is the prolonged prophase of primary spermatocytes?

    <p>22 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does ovulation typically occur in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>14 days before the onset of the next menstrual cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does the ovum survive after ovulation?

    <p>About 24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of spermiogenesis from initial to final?

    <p>Formation of acrosome, condensation of nucleus, shedding of cytoplasm, formation of neck, middle piece, and tail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can spermatozoa be giants or dwarfs?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone triggers ovulation?

    <p>LH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many female gametes are produced from one primary oocyte?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do spermatozoa obtain full motility?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for sperm motility?

    <p>Fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does spermatogenesis begin?

    <p>At puberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to unsuccessful sperm?

    <p>They are removed by leukocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the initiation of spermatogenesis?

    <p>Type A spermatogonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Type A spermatogonia?

    <p>To replenish the root source of all spermatozoa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fertilization of the oocyte by sperm usually occur?

    <p>Ampulla of the fallopian tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures aid in capturing the released oocyte from the ovary into the fallopian tube?

    <p>Fimbriae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage do cells become haploid?

    <p>Secondary spermatocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does homologous recombination of chromosomes occur?

    <p>Primary spermatocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of hyaluronidase in the sperm cell?

    <p>Acrosomic cap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During spermiogenesis, what part of the sperm cell becomes the tail?

    <p>Centriole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of spermatogenesis?

    <p>4 sperm per spermatogonium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

    <p>Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many times is oogenesis halted?

    <p>Twice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the non-cellular membrane of human ovum called?

    <p>Zona pellucida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which stage does the division in primary oocytes arrest?

    <p>Prophase of meiosis I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the completion of meiosis II in secondary oocytes?

    <p>Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Spermiogenesis

    • The correct order of spermiogenesis is: shedding of most of the cytoplasm, formation of neck, middle piece, and tail, condensation of the nucleus, and formation of the acrosome.
    • Spermatozoa may be giants or dwarfs.
    • Spermatozoa do not obtain full motility in the seminiferous tubules.
    • Spermatogenesis begins at puberty and includes all the events by which spermatogonia are transformed into spermatozoa.

    Spermatogenesis

    • Type A spermatogonia are the stem cells that proliferate and replenish the root source of all spermatozoa.
    • The production of Type A spermatogonia marks the initiation of spermatogenesis.
    • Secondary spermatocytes are the stage in spermatocytogenesis when cells are haploid.
    • Homologous recombination of chromosomes occurs in primary spermatocytes.
    • Type B spermatogonia continue to divide by mitosis until they become primary spermatocytes.

    Folliculogenesis

    • The number of primordial follicles vastly increases during the fetal period but many degenerate, leaving around 400,000 follicles available at puberty.
    • After birth, no new oocytes form.
    • The granulosa cells do not form the zona pellucida.
    • The connective tissue cells of the ovary around the follicle respond to the antrum by differentiating and forming two new layers: the theca interna and the theca externa.

    Oogenesis

    • The stage of spermiogenesis which involves the secondary spermatocytes entering meiosis II to divide and form spermatids is not correct.
    • The cells that are about to begin meiosis are called spermatogonia B cells, and can be recognized partly because they are connected to one another by cytoplasmic bridges.
    • As primordial follicles begin to grow, surrounding follicular cells change from at to cuboidal and proliferate to produce a stratified epithelium of granulosa cells, and the unit is called a primary follicle.
    • A secondary oocyte surrounded by a thin layer of squamous epithelial cells is not called a primordial follicle.

    Spermatozoon

    • Spermatogenesis takes around 64 days to produce spermatozoa from germ cells.
    • Primary spermatocytes enter a prolonged prophase of 22 days followed by rapid completion of meiosis I and formation of secondary spermatocytes.
    • The acrosomic cap is the most likely source of hyaluronidase, which is essential for fertilization.
    • The centriole undergoes elongation and becomes the tail during spermiogenesis.
    • The ultimate goal of spermatogenesis is to produce 4 sperm per spermatogonium.

    Oocyte Maturation

    • Maturation of oocyte begins at puberty.
    • Every month, 15 to 20 follicles begin to grow, and as they mature, they pass through three stages, with the antral stage lasting the longest.
    • Oogenesis is halted twice.
    • The cells surrounding the oocyte in a mature Graafian follicle are called cumulus oophorus.
    • The attachment point of the cumulus oophorus to the most peripheral granulosa cells of an antral follicle is called discus proligerus.
    • The non-cellular membrane of human ovum is called zona pellucida.

    Fertilization

    • The division in primary oocytes arrests at the prophase of meiosis I stage.
    • The division in secondary oocytes arrests at the metaphase of meiosis II stage.
    • Meiosis II in secondary oocytes is not completed until fertilization.
    • Rapid secretion of LH induces ovulation.
    • The average life of the ovum after ovulation is about 24 hours.
    • The environment of the vagina is inhospitable to the survival of sperm.
    • The openings of the uterine tubes into the uterus (uterotubal junction) represent another barrier to sperm transport.
    • Sperm transport into and through the uterus is assumed to be assisted by contractions of its thick smooth muscle walls.
    • The unsuccessful sperm are removed by leukocytes.
    • Once in the tube, cumulus cells withdraw their cytoplasmic processes from the zona pellucida and lose contact with the oocyte.
    • Fimbriae aid in capturing the released oocyte from the ovary into the fallopian tube.
    • The oocyte usually undergoes fertilization by sperm in the ampulla of the fallopian tube.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Embryology 65 Questions PDF

    Description

    Review quiz for Embryology 1 covering various topics and concepts. Assess your knowledge and identify areas for improvement.

    More Like This

    Embryology Basics Quiz
    5 questions

    Embryology Basics Quiz

    FelicitousObsidian3103 avatar
    FelicitousObsidian3103
    Embryology Vignettes Quiz
    10 questions

    Embryology Vignettes Quiz

    CoolPrairie avatar
    CoolPrairie
    Importance of Studying Embryology in Medicine
    10 questions

    Importance of Studying Embryology in Medicine

    HumbleSuprematism avatar
    HumbleSuprematism
    STEM Cells and Molecular Embryology
    40 questions

    STEM Cells and Molecular Embryology

    IFAAD avatar
    IFAAD
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser