Embryogenesis and Gametogenesis
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Questions and Answers

What is the process where only certain genes are accessible for activation and transcription due to modifications of chromatin in developing gametes?

  • Genetic recombination
  • Crossing over
  • Gene duplication
  • Genomic imprinting (correct)
  • Which type of methylation alters CpG dinucleotides by DNA methyltransferases during germ line differentiation?

  • Protein methylation
  • RNA methylation
  • CpG methylation (correct)
  • Histone methylation
  • What allows reactivation of imprinted genes by erasing most CpG methylations in primordial germ-line cells during embryonic development?

  • DNA replication
  • Histone modification
  • CpG demethylation (correct)
  • RNA splicing
  • In which stage of embryo development do eggs and sperm end up with different, distinct imprints?

    <p>Fertilization stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do relatively few genes, about 200 in humans and mice, undergo imprinting?

    <p>To avoid double dose of gene products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is responsible for dosage compensation in human females to avoid a double dose of X gene products?

    <p>Gene silencing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process where one of the two X chromosomes in every cell of an early embryo is inactivated?

    <p>&quot;X&quot; chromosome inactivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Crossing over" occurs between homologous chromosomes during which phase of cell division?

    <p>&quot;Prophase I&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "RNA splicing" is a post-transcriptional modification that involves the removal of:

    <p>&quot;Introns&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of embryonic development does a second wave of de-methylation occur in mouse embryos?

    <p>Blastocyst-stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

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