Module 2: PIC Architecture Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is considered a mid-level microcontroller?

  • PIC16F877 (correct)
  • PIC18 (correct)
  • 8051 family
  • PIC32

    • The majority of students' projects require high-end microcontrollers.

    False

    What feature allows microcontrollers to perform tasks such as multiply and divide?

    Special instructions

    PIC microcontrollers use the __________ architecture.

    <p>Harvard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the memory types with their characteristics:

    <p>Program Memory = Non-volatile; retains contents when power is lost Data Memory = Volatile; contents lost when power is lost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following features is typical for high-end microcontrollers?

    <p>Analog to digital converter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary functions of a microcontroller?

    <p>To receive values from sensors and execute programmed instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A microcontroller can only execute a fixed set of operations regardless of the program loaded.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The contents of RAM data memory in PIC microcontrollers are retained when power is lost.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum amount of program memory supported by PIC architecture?

    <p>2M bytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the three major categories of PIC microcontrollers.

    <p>8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A microcontroller includes a mechanism for ____ handling, which allows it to perform multiple tasks in parallel.

    <p>interrupt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of a microcontroller with their functions:

    <p>ALU = Performs arithmetic and logical operations I/O Ports = Facilitates communication with external devices Timers = Measures time intervals Memory = Stores programs and data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines the term 'instruction set' in the context of microcontrollers?

    <p>The complete list of operations a microcontroller can execute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum size of each memory bank in the PIC 16 data memory?

    <p>128 bytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    General-purpose registers can have their function changed after manufacturing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The PIC10 through PIC14 families are categorized as high-end microcontrollers.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What integrated components allow a microcontroller to interact with external systems?

    <p>Input and Output interfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the current bank in use within the PIC 16's RAM?

    <p>Two bits in the STATUS register</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rightmost bit of a byte is called the ______.

    <p>least significant bit (LSB)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the registers with their descriptions.

    <p>General-purpose registers = Used for temporary data storage Special-function registers = Predetermined function registers affecting device operation STATUS register = Indicates the current memory bank Peripheral registers = Control peripheral modules in the microcontroller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of memory is non-volatile?

    <p>EEPROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The PIC16F873 has 8K words of program memory.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the instruction word sizes for the PIC series mentioned?

    <p>12-bit for PIC12, 14-bit for PIC16, 16-bit for PIC17 and PIC18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The PIC16 has _____ banks, each containing 128 registers.

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following PIC family members with their program memory capacity:

    <p>PIC 16F873 = 4K words PIC 16F874 = 4K words PIC 16F876 = 8K words PIC 16F877 = 8K words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about program memory is true?

    <p>Program memory is divided into linear pages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The contents of RAM are retained when the power goes off.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much internal RAM does the PIC16F877 have?

    <p>512 bytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Embedded Systems Design Overview

    • Embedded systems integrate hardware and software for specific tasks, often using microcontrollers for control systems.

    Microcontroller Definition

    • A microcontroller is a single-chip system containing a processor, memory, and input/output interfaces.
    • It includes timers and interrupt handling for parallel task management.

    Functionality of Microcontrollers

    • Microcontrollers execute instructions from stored programs to process sensor values and produce system outputs.
    • Instruction sets define the specific operations a microcontroller can perform.

    PIC Microcontroller Classification

    • Divided into three main categories:
      • 8-bit (low-end)
      • 16-bit (mid-level, popular in projects; e.g., PIC16F877)
      • 32-bit (high-end)

    Key Microcontroller Features

    • On-chip RAM and ROM for data and program storage.
    • Internal/external interrupts for event handling.
    • Timers, counters, and advanced communication options like USB.

    Microcontroller Memory Organization

    • Utilizes Harvard architecture with separate memory spaces for program instructions (non-volatile) and data memory (volatile).
    • Total program memory can reach up to 2M bytes.

    Program Memory Specifications

    • Program memory stores instructions and is measured in words; different PIC variants have different word sizes (12, 14, or 16-bit).
    • Example: PIC16F877 has 8K words of program memory organized in pages.

    Data Memory Details

    • Internal RAM sizes range from 32 bytes to 4K bytes depending on the PIC model.
    • PIC16F877 features 512 bytes of RAM divided into four banks of 128 registers, not expandable externally.

    Special Function Registers (SFR)

    • SFRs control device operations, classified into core (CPU) and peripheral registers.
    • These registers influence functionality based on predetermined manufacturing configurations.

    Data Representation

    • Data is stored in bytes (8 bits); the most significant bit (MSB) and least significant bit (LSB) denote the byte’s value significance.
    • Different representations exist for various data types (e.g., BCD).

    Considerations for Microcontroller Selection

    • Application requirements determine the appropriate microcontroller and its memory needs.
    • Consider available features like additional interfaces (e.g., analog-to-digital converters, LCD drivers) when selecting a microcontroller.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of microcontrollers and their architecture with this quiz focused on Embedded Systems and PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller). The questions will cover components, functionalities, and designs of typical microcontroller systems. Ideal for students of Dr. Bilal Arain's class.

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