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Questions and Answers

Which type of diabetes is more prevalent in older adults?

  • Type 1 diabetes
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Type 2 diabetes (correct)
  • Gestational diabetes

    • What are some contributing factors to the development of Type 2 diabetes?

  • Excessive physical activity
  • Viral infections
  • Genetic factors (correct)
  • Insulin resistance

    • Which of the following is a symptom of Type 1 diabetes?

  • Excessive thirst (correct)
  • Weight gain
  • Slow wound healing
  • High blood pressure

    • What is the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus based on fasting plasma glucose level?

    <p>≥126 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diabetes is typically associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

    <p>Type 1 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment recommendation for managing Type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Lifestyle modifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Previous history of GDM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of insulin in Type 2 diabetes?

    <p>The body becomes resistant to insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common form of diabetes?

    <p>Type 2 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average duration of blood sugar levels measured by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)?

    <p>2-3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hyperglycemia?

    <p>Polyuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for fasting blood glucose?

    <p>70-105 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for Type 1 diabetes?

    <p>Insulin therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence of Type 1 diabetes compared to Type 2 diabetes?

    <p>5-10% of all diagnosed cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the etiology of Type 1 diabetes?

    <p>Autoimmune condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if Type 1 diabetes is left untreated or poorly managed?

    <p>Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Type 1 diabetes on body weight?

    <p>Normal or lower body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypoglycemia?

    <p>Fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Disorder in glucose metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hyperglycemia on fasting blood glucose levels?

    <blockquote> <p>105 mg/dL</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for fasting blood glucose?

    <p>70 to 105 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the general symptoms of diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Weight loss, blurred vision, fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the etiology of Type 1 diabetes?

    <p>Decrease or absence of insulin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence of Type 1 diabetes compared to Type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent than Type 1 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Type 1 diabetes on body weight?

    <p>Decreased body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment recommendation for managing Type 1 diabetes?

    <p>Insulin therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if Type 1 diabetes is left untreated or poorly managed?

    <p>Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diabetes is typically associated with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)?

    <p>Type 1 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Abnormality in glucose metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hyperglycemia on fasting blood glucose levels?

    <p>Increases fasting blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for developing Type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Having a family history of diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of Type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Blurred vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Insulin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Slow wound healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment recommendation for managing Type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Weight loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes compared to Type 1 diabetes?

    <p>Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus based on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level?

    <p>HbA1c level ≥6.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Preeclampsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Type 2 diabetes on body weight?

    <p>Weight gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Insulin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diabetes Mellitus: Types, Symptoms, and Diagnostic Criteria

    • Hyperglycemia is defined as fasting blood glucose levels above 105 mg/dL, while hypoglycemia is defined as fasting blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL.
    • Diabetes mellitus is a disorder that results in hyperglycemia due to abnormalities in glucose metabolism.
    • Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. It accounts for 5-10% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes.
    • People with Type 1 diabetes have an absolute deficiency of insulin and require daily insulin injections or use an insulin pump to manage their blood sugar levels.
    • Type 1 diabetes can lead to a life-threatening condition called Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) if left untreated or poorly managed.
    • Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin or the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin. It accounts for 90-95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes.
    • Initially, individuals with Type 2 diabetes may have sufficient or even higher levels of insulin, but their body's cells do not respond effectively to it (insulin resistance).
    • Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent in older adults but can also occur in younger individuals, particularly due to rising rates of obesity.
    • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) refers to diabetes that develops during pregnancy and shares similarities with Type 2 diabetes. It usually resolves after childbirth.
    • GDM can increase the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby, including preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, gestational hypertension, and larger-than-average birth weight.
    • The diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus include fasting plasma glucose levels ≥126 mg/dL, random plasma glucose levels ≥200 mg/dL in the presence of diabetes symptoms, or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels ≥6.5%.
    • Common symptoms of diabetes mellitus include excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, slow wound healing, and frequent infections.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus with this quiz. Learn about the causes of diabetes mellitus, including insulin secretion abnormalities and insulin resistance. Understand the difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. Challenge yourself to remember the normal fasting blood glucose levels and enhance your understanding of glucose metabolism disorders.

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