Elements of Manufacturing Processes

Elements 03

• A plain scriber is a tool with hardened steel points used for scribing or laying off distances.
• A machine tool used principally to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single-pointed tool is a planer.
• A tool grinder is a machine tool using an abrasive wheel to obtain a very smooth finish.
• Forging is the process of working metals by applying sudden blows or steady pressure.
• Quenching is rapidly cooling a heated piece of work by dipping it in water, brine, or oil.
• Annealing is softening metals by heating them near their molten state and then cooling them very slowly.
• Lube oil is a fluid film desired between surfaces in relative sliding motion.
• A bevel gear is a gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another at an angle.
• High-speed steel is the principal material used in high production metalworking tools.
• A flywheel is a heavy rotating body serving as a reservoir for absorbing and redistributing kinetic energy.
• Grinding machine shapes metal using an abrasive wheel or by removing metals with an abrasive.
• A fan is not a part of a lathe machine.

Elements 03 cont.

• Manganese steel is easy to chisel.
• Shaping is a machining operation where the tool reciprocates and the feed is stationary.
• Contraction mandrel is not a kind of mandrel.
• The foundry area is where metal is melted to form a new shape in a machine shop.
• Steam bath is not used to temper steel.
• Head iron is not a kind of cast iron.
• A dead center is attached and meshed to the tailstock spindle and is static while the work rotates.
• Anvil is not a part of the headstock.
• A feeler gage process does not belong in the group with a vise grip, adjustable wrench, and torque wrench.
• Hardening does not belong to the group with resistance welding, soldering, and brazing.
• Fuels are substances with sufficient carbon and/or hydrogen for exothermic chemical oxidation.
• A barometer measures atmospheric pressure.
• Density is the mass of a body per unit of volume.
• Calcination is subjecting a substance to a high temperature below its fusion point to make it friable.

Elements 03 cont.

• Torsional strength is not a type of bearing strength.
• Compressive strength is the ability of a material to resist being crushed.
• Ductility is the ability of metal to stretch, bend, or twist without breaking or cracking.
• Tensile strength is the property of a material that resists forces attempting to pull it apart.
• Hardness is the property of steel which resists indention or penetration.
• Light blue is the color code for a pipeline of air.
• Green is the color code for a pipeline of water.
• Silver grey is the color code for a pipeline of steam.
• Light orange is the color code for a pipeline of electricity.
• White is the color code for a pipeline of communication.
• Brown is the color code for a pipeline of fuel oil.
• For high-speed applications, the small sprocket should have a minimum of 18-24 teeth.
• Aluminum is a good deoxidizer in steel melting.
• In the majority of machine members, the damping capacity of the material should be high.

Elements 03 cont.

• A parallel oil film in bearing is essential to realize the advantage of fluid friction.
• Herringbone gears experience zero axial thrust
• The maximum size of the fillet weld that can be made in a single pass 6mm.
• Muntz metal contains copper and zinc.
• Cold-heading manufactures steel balls for bearings.
• Alloys with high nickel content retain toughness to quite low temperature, up to -320°F.
• The SAE standard designation for manganese steel is 13XX.
• A babbitt is an antimony bearing lead or tin alloy.
• The minimum thickness of steel members exposed to weather and accessible for painting is 10mm.
• In a standard coarse thread bolt, stress concentration is maximum at the root.
• The root is found on the top surface of a flank.
• A 6 by 37 rope is more flexible.
• Saws and chisels are tools used in wood pattern making in a foundry shop.
• A stud bolt is threaded on both ends and is commonly used in construction.
• Cast iron flywheels are commonly designed with a safety factor from 10 to 13.

Elements 03 cont.

• Long is NOT referring to motorcycle chains.
• Spirals for transmitting HUGE power
• Involute cams are used for low to moderate speed engines.
• Watches use gears generally manufactured by stamping.
• Bearing life changes inversely as the cube of the load.
• Cast iron is the best material for brake drums.
• A spring is an elastic body designed to deflect under load.
• All of the above can cause belt slip include loose load, heavy belts and small driving pulleys.
• The Rankine formula is valid up to a slenderness ratio of 120.
• The key is the weakest point in a flange coupling.
• It is NOT "axial relative motion between shafts and hub is necessary", when splines are used.
• High power is transmitted when splines are used.
• Delta iron occurs between 1400°C and 1539°C.
• Carbon controls the physical properties of steel.
• Injection molding is commonly used for thermoplastic material.
• Lead has the highest specific gravity.
• Duralumin is related to age-hardening.
• Graphite is used to make foundry crucibles.
• Forging is associated with the trimming process.

Elements 03 cont.

• Size is the factor in arc welding current values.
• Martensite increases the hardness of steel.
• Steel with 0.8% carbon and 100% pearlite is called eutectoid.
• The tensile strength of common cast iron varieties ranges from 840-500 MPa.
• Fluctuating stress causes fatigue failure.
• Paramagnetic alpha iron changes to gamma iron at around 910°C.
• Washer diameter is generally slightly more than the bolt diameter.
• Compression members buckle in the direction of the least radius of gyration.
• A kinematic chain needs a minimum of 4 links and 4 turning pairs.
• Lower pair is formed if a shaft is revolving in a bearing.
• A pantograph has 4 links.
• A pantograph includes lower pairs.
• The slip in belt drive can be described as the difference between the linear speed of the rim of the pulley and linear speed on it
• Cross helical worm shafts are non-parallel and non-intersecting.

Elements 03 cont.

• The addendum of gears is given by one module.
• A cylindrical cam has a follower that reciprocates or oscillates in a plane parallel to the cam's axis.
• Gears for watches are made by stamping.
• The rope brake dynamometer uses no lubricant.
• Cold working can increase the fatigue strength.
• Endurance strength tests subject materials to completely reversed loads
• The procedure of increasing fatigue limit by overstressing the metal through successively increasing loadings is coaxing.
• Edge preparation for welding is not needed for plates up to 6.4 mm thick.
• Arc welding is used when stainless steel is welded and reversed polarity.
• The function of a machine tool clutch is connecting shafts to ensure rotation or disconnection.
• Addendum is the tooth height above the pitch circle, or the radial distance between the pitch circle and the top land of the tooth.
• Full depth refers to the distance of the tooth which is equal to the addendum and dedendum.
• Working depth refers to the distance of the tooth
• Type B belts are used in a driving pulley with speed of 360 rpm and transmitting 5 Hp.
• An angle iron is not an angle measuring device.
• Copper is used for the mould for casting ferrous materials in continuous casting.
• Clutch slippage is especially noticeable during acceleration while the clutch is engaged.
• The clearance is 2-3 mm
• Piston compression rings are made of cast iron.
• The usual value of helix angle of a drill 30 degrees.

Elements 03 cont.

• Drossing is a process that is meant for removing oxides from the molten metal surfaces.
• If the first digit in AISI and SAE designations is one (1), then it indicate Carbon steel.
• Chromium steels is related to the chromium.
• "gear tooth profile" is used for where" gear tooth vernier in measuring.
• High carbon steelis used in the making of cold chisel
• Resilience is the ability of a material that absorb energy when deformed.
• Cylindrical cam has a reciprocates or oscillates in a plane parallel to the axis of rotation.
• Radial cam reciprocating or oscillating in a plane perpendicular to the axis of ration.
• Break is most appropriate curve for a glass rod.
• Double shear is is the case of joint pin that is likely to fail.
• Velocity of 4.0 Hp , the speed that is in a velocity of 300 ft/min.
• Below 723°C , alpha iron exists.
• A material that is has equal identical properties is Homogenous.
• When the material return, then Elastic type.
• The appropriate number is is used % , then Eutectoid steel is 0.80 %.
• If the sulphur is in the iron , has casting and it has unsound.

Elements 03 cont.

• Dislocation is the Imperfection that is crystal structure of metal.
• Diameter is to equal 2 sq ft of of the Thickness while spot welding.
• Diameter with the specified twist drill and their material.
• Feeler gauge to is used measure value between value and tappet.
• Front Wheel is generally for Speedometer Drive that is taken.
• Percentage of Hacksaw is 0 , then it means its usually on the return stroke.
• the key is cut where the hubs are , where describing it sunken.
• hand is where the buckle is, where the Right threads on top.
• Electro-Slag best option for for welding two Plates with thickness of 25mm.
• Supply is were correct for the oil-less bearing where supply there supply as the external.
• Working Load is (P=500d2) for crane and expression related cm Diameter.