Elements of Fiction

Study Notes

The elements of fiction include theme, plot, setting, characterization, and narration.

Theme is the moral or main idea of the story, applying to many types of stories in any genre.
Themes do not provide any plot developments.

The protagonist is the main character in a story, involved in the main conflict and its resolution.
The antagonist is the person opposing the protagonist.

First Person Point of View: The narrator tells the story and is a character in the story, using pronouns like I, me, us, etc.
Third Person Omniscient: The narrator is not a character in the story, but can tell the thoughts and actions of all characters at all times, using pronouns like he, she, him, etc.
Third Person Limited: The narrator is not a character in the story, but can tell the thoughts and actions of a few key characters at all times, using pronouns like he, she, him, etc.

Setting provides the when and where of the story, including the timeframe, place or location, and context or historical background.

Flat Characterization: A character with one or two traits, often a stereotype, helping to move the plot along more quickly.
Round Characterization: A complex character with many sides or traits, with unpredictable behavior and a fully developed personality, often an antagonist.
Dynamic Characterization: A character who experiences an essential change in personality or attitude, often a protagonist.
Static Characterization: A character who does not change or develop beyond their initial presentation.

Conflict refers to any form of opposition in a story, including external and internal conflict.
External Conflict: Character vs. Character, Character vs. Society, and Character vs. Nature.
Internal Conflict: The protagonist experiences conflict with their conscience.