Elements of Art & Illustration

• Illustration is visual explanation, decoration, or accompaniment of a text, usually hand-drawn by a professional illustrator.
• Images are visual representations or likenesses of objects, produced on photographic material or electronic displays.
• Graphics include images, photographs, illustrations, drawings, clip art, icons, or other non-text elements used online.
• Lines are marks moving between two points, and can be actual, implied, vertical, horizontal, diagonal, or contour.
• Line characteristics include curve, length, thickness and flexibility
• Colors are the light spectrum broken down when hitting a surface and reflecting into the eye.
• Color properties include hue, intensity, and temperature.
• Shapes are one, two, or three-dimensional designs encased by lines.
• Shapes signify height and width.
• Abstract images are created using photography materials and equipment without immediate real-world association.
• Visual skill relates to sight.
• Drawing is a visual art using an instrument to mark paper or another 2D surface.
• Icons represent an application, capability, or concept with meaning for the user.
• Making predictions is a skill using text information and experiences to anticipate what will come next.
• Illusion is a false idea, belief, or deceptive appearance.
• Context clues are hints in text that help readers understand new or unfamiliar words.
• Reality is the state of things as they exist, experienced through sight, hearing, and other senses.
• Exemplification involves guessing a word's definition by seeing examples.

Forms of Art

• Proportion is the relationship between different-sized components within a composition.
• Proportion makes a composition appear realistic or stylized.
• Art objects are limited by space and time, falling into two-dimensional, three-dimensional and four-dimensional categories.
• Each category has divisions which derive from differences between the materials and approaches used by the artist
• Two-dimensional art exists on flat surfaces, like paper, canvas, or walls, made through drawing, painting, or printing.
• Three-dimensional art goes beyond flat surfaces to include height, width, and depth, achieved through carving, modeling, casting, or assembly.
• Four-dimensional art introduces time as the fourth dimension alongside length, width, and height.

Basic Elements of Visual Art

• Lines are marks moving in space between two points.
• Artists use actual, implied, vertical, horizontal, diagonal, and contour lines.
• Line variations include curve, length, thickness, and flexibility.
• Vertical lines are straight up and down, perpendicular to horizontal lines.
• Vertical lines suggest height and strength.
• Horizontal lines are parallel to the horizon moving from left to right.
• Horizontal lines suggest width, distance, calmness, and stability.