Elementos Estructurales en Arquitectura
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Questions and Answers

¿En qué se diferencian las fachadas ventiladas de los muros cortina?

  • Las fachadas ventiladas no presentan travesaños.
  • Los montantes se anclan a muros de fábrica en las fachadas ventiladas. (correct)
  • Las fachadas ventiladas no requieren un cerramiento interior pesado.
  • Las placas de las fachadas ventiladas deben presentar una junta estanca.

¿Cuál es uno de los materiales pesados comúnmente utilizados en las fachadas ventiladas?

  • Madera de abedul
  • Vidrio templado
  • Placas de piedra (correct)
  • Acero galvanizado

¿Por qué las placas en las fachadas ventiladas no necesitan presentar una junta estanca?

  • Para permitir la entrada de aire exterior.
  • Porque el montaje se realiza sin separación entre las placas.
  • Debido a que las placas no están ancladas correctamente.
  • Al existir una hoja de cerramiento interior pesada. (correct)

¿Qué característica permite el aislamiento térmico en las fachadas ventiladas?

<p>La separación de unos pocos milímetros entre las placas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿En qué tipo de edificios suelen utilizarse las fachadas ventiladas?

<p>En edificios institucionales. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué función cumplen los montantes en las fachadas ventiladas?

<p>Anclan las placas a muros de fábrica. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Por qué las placas de las fachadas ventiladas se separan unos pocos milímetros en el montaje?

<p>Para permitir la ventilación del aislamiento térmico. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué definición corresponde a un muro cortina?

<p>Fachada ligera cuya estructura auxiliar permanece suspendida de los forjados. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál es la característica principal de las fachadas ligeras discontinuas?

<p>Se apoyan en los distintos forjados, delimitando paneles o zonas independientes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál es la función principal de los travesaños en el armazón para montaje de cerramientos?

<p>Conformar el armazón junto a los montantes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué material puede utilizarse para realizar los elementos de relleno en un muro cortina?

<p>Madera y plásticos. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál es la principal diferencia entre una fachada ligeras continua y una fachada ligera discontinua?

<p>La continuidad respecto a los forjados. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué caracteriza a una fachada panel según el texto?

<p>Se interrumpe en cada forjado donde se apoya, delimitando paneles o zonas independientes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál es la función principal de los montantes en la estructura del cerramiento?

<p>Anclar la fachada al canto de los forjados. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ventilated Façade

An exterior wall system where the cladding is separated from the building structure by a ventilated air gap. This allows for better thermal insulation and moisture control.

Curtain Wall

A lightweight, non-load-bearing wall system that is typically supported by the building's structural frame. Often used for large windows and glazing.

Ventilated Façade vs. Curtain Wall

Ventilated façades are anchored to masonry walls, while curtain walls are supported by the building's structural frame. The key difference lies in the anchoring point and load-bearing capacity.

Heavy Materials in Ventilated Façades

Stone panels are commonly used in ventilated façades due to their weight and durability.

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Why Watertight Joints Aren't Needed

In ventilated façades, the presence of a heavy interior wall eliminates the need for watertight joints in the cladding. The air gap allows for moisture drainage.

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Thermal Insulation in Ventilated Façades

The small air gap between the cladding panels and the wall helps to improve thermal insulation by creating a barrier against heat transfer.

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Typical Buildings for Ventilated Façades

Ventilated façades are often used in institutional buildings due to their aesthetic appeal, energy efficiency, and durability.

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Function of Muntins in Ventilated Façades

Muntins act as anchors, attaching the cladding panels to the masonry wall. They provide structural support and stability.

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Air Gap in Ventilated Façades

The small air gap allows for ventilation and moisture control, improving thermal performance and preventing condensation.

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Lightweight Discontinuous Façade

A lightweight facade that is supported at different levels by the building's floor slabs, forming independent panels or zones.

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Function of Transoms in Facade Assembly

Transoms work alongside the muntins to create the facade's frame. They provide horizontal support and stability.

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Materials for Facade Infill Panels

Materials like wood and plastics can be used for infill panels in curtain walls, providing a variety of aesthetic and functional options.

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Continuous vs. Discontinuous Lightweight Façades

Continuous façades span across multiple floors without interruptions, while discontinuous façades are supported at each floor level, creating independent panels.

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Panel Façade

A type of façade that is interrupted at each floor level, forming independent panels or zones. It resembles a discontinuous lightweight façade.

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Function of Muntins in Structural Enclosure

Muntins anchor the facade to the edge of the floor slabs, ensuring structural stability and support.

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