Electrostatics and Electricity
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Questions and Answers

What does electrostatics deal with?

Electrostatics deals with stationary or static charges.

What does electricity deal with?

Electricity deals with the flow of electric charge (often electrons) through a conductor such as a wire.

What type of current flows in one direction?

  • AC
  • DC (correct)

What type of current changes periodically?

<p>AC (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can electrostatics occur?

<p>Electrostatics can occur by friction when two objects are rubbed together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when one object loses electrons and the other gains electrons?

<p>When one object loses electrons it becomes positively charged, while the other gains electrons and becomes negatively charged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the method of charging an object without direct contact called?

<p>Electrostatics by induction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a neutral object is then grounded, charges may escape, leaving a net charge.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if you bring a negatively charged rod towards a neutral metal sphere?

<p>The sphere's electrons will be repelled away from the rod, leaving the closer side to the rod positively charged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Electrostatics

The study of stationary electric charges and their interactions.

Electricity

Deals with the flow of electric charge, typically through a conductor.

DC (Direct Current)

Electric current that flows in only one direction.

AC (Alternating Current)

Electric current that changes direction periodically.

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Electrostatics by Friction

Charging objects by rubbing them together, causing electron transfer.

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Electrostatics by Induction

Charging an object without direct contact, using an electric field to redistribute charge.

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Electrostatics by Conduction

Charging an object by direct contact with a charged object.

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Grounding (Earthing)

A method to remove excess charge from an object by connecting it to the Earth.

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Electric Force

The fundamental force that causes attraction or repulsion between electric charges.

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Electric Field

The region around a charged object where an electric force is exerted on other charges.

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Coulomb's Law

The law stating that the electric force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

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Conductor

A material that allows electric charge to flow easily.

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Insulator

A material that resists the flow of electric charge.

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Potential Difference (Voltage)

The difference in electric potential between two points.

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Electric Current

The amount of electric charge flowing per unit of time.

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Resistance

The opposition to the flow of electric current.

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Electric Circuit

The continuous flow of electric charge through a closed path.

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Proton

Positively charged atomic particle.

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Electron

Negatively charged atomic particle.

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Neutron

Neutral atomic particle.

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Study Notes

  • Electrostatics deals with stationary or static charges.
  • It focuses on forces and interactions between stationary charges, using Coulomb's law.
  • It also addresses electric fields and potentials created by stationary charges.
  • Electricity involves electric charge flow, often electrons, through a conductor like a wire.
  • Dynamic charges mean that charges are in motion, often driven by electric field by a potential difference.
  • DC is flow in one direction.
  • AC flow changes periodically.

Electrostatics by Friction

  • Friction occurs when two objects are rubbed together.
  • Electrons either transfer from one object to another, depending on their tendency to lose or gain electrons.
  • Usually, one object loses electrons, becoming positively charged. The other gains electrons, becoming negatively charged.
  • Example: Rubbing a balloon on your hair causes your hair to become positively charged and the balloon to become negatively charged, resulting in electrostatic attraction.

Electrostatics by Induction

  • Induction is a charging method without direct contact.
  • A charged object is brought near a neutral object, causing a redistribution of charges in the neutral object.
  • This occurs because the charged object exerts an electric field on the neutral object, causing its charges to move.
  • If the neutral object is then grounded (connected to the earth), some charges may escape, leaving a net charge

Electrostatics by Conduction

  • If bringing a negatively charged rod towards a neutral metal sphere the sphere's electrons are repelled away from the rod.
  • The closer side to the rod is positively charged.
  • If grounding the sphere some of the excess electrons will flow away leaving a net charge.

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Description

Electrostatics involves stationary charges via Coulomb's law, focusing on electric fields and potentials. Electricity involves electric charge flow, often electrons, through a conductor like a wire, where dynamic charges are in motion. Friction transfers electrons between objects, creating charged imbalances.

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