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Define CMRR (Common-mode rejection ratio)
Define CMRR (Common-mode rejection ratio)
It is defined as the ratio of differential-mode gain to common-mode gain. $CMRR = \frac{|A_d|}{|A_c|}$
Define VSWR
Define VSWR
It is defined as circuit power supply rejection expressed as the ratio of output noise by input noise.
What is a multivibrator and its applications?
What is a multivibrator and its applications?
A multivibrator is an electronic device used to generate multiple frequencies. It is commonly used in timing circuits, delay circuits, oscillators, etc.
Define inverting and non-inverting Op-amp.
Define inverting and non-inverting Op-amp.
Define CMRR (Common-mode rejection ratio).
Define CMRR (Common-mode rejection ratio).
Define VSWR.
Define VSWR.
What is a multivibrator and its applications?
What is a multivibrator and its applications?
Define inverting and non-inverting Op-amp.
Define inverting and non-inverting Op-amp.
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Study Notes
Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR)
- CMRR measures the ability of an amplifier to reject common-mode signals, ensuring that it amplifies only the desired differential signal.
- Defined mathematically as the ratio of differential-mode gain to common-mode gain: (CMRR = \frac{|A_d|}{|A_c|}).
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)
- VSWR quantifies the efficiency of power transmission in a circuit.
- It is defined as the ratio of output noise to input noise, indicating the amount of reflected power in a system.
Multivibrators
- A multivibrator is an electronic circuit that generates various frequencies, making it essential in electronics design.
- Common applications include:
- Timing circuits which are vital for precise time delays.
- Delay circuits used in various control systems.
- Oscillators that produce continuous repetitive signals.
Inverting and Non-Inverting Operational Amplifiers (Op-amps)
- Inverting Op-amp:
- Produces an output signal that is inverted or out of phase with the input signal.
- Non-Inverting Op-amp:
- Generates an output signal that is in phase with the input signal.
- Ideal characteristics of Op-amps include:
- Zero input current, ensuring no power drain from the source.
- Infinite input impedance, leading to minimal loading on previous stages.
- Infinite gain, allowing for maximum amplification of the signal.
Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR)
- CMRR measures the ability of an amplifier to reject common-mode signals, ensuring that it amplifies only the desired differential signal.
- Defined mathematically as the ratio of differential-mode gain to common-mode gain: (CMRR = \frac{|A_d|}{|A_c|}).
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)
- VSWR quantifies the efficiency of power transmission in a circuit.
- It is defined as the ratio of output noise to input noise, indicating the amount of reflected power in a system.
Multivibrators
- A multivibrator is an electronic circuit that generates various frequencies, making it essential in electronics design.
- Common applications include:
- Timing circuits which are vital for precise time delays.
- Delay circuits used in various control systems.
- Oscillators that produce continuous repetitive signals.
Inverting and Non-Inverting Operational Amplifiers (Op-amps)
- Inverting Op-amp:
- Produces an output signal that is inverted or out of phase with the input signal.
- Non-Inverting Op-amp:
- Generates an output signal that is in phase with the input signal.
- Ideal characteristics of Op-amps include:
- Zero input current, ensuring no power drain from the source.
- Infinite input impedance, leading to minimal loading on previous stages.
- Infinite gain, allowing for maximum amplification of the signal.
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