Electronics Quiz on Amplifiers and Diodes

A material that can conduct electricity but not as well as a conductor. In semiconductors, the conductivity can be changed by adding impurities, which is called doping.

The process of adding impurities to a pure semiconductor material to change its electrical conductivity.

A type of semiconductor material that has extra free electrons due to doping. These free electrons can easily move and conduct electricity.

A type of semiconductor material that has extra 'holes' due to doping. These 'holes' act like positive charges and can move, allowing electricity to flow.

The process of growing large, single crystals of silicon from molten silicon. This method is used to create high-quality semiconductors for electronic devices.

A small piece of crystal used to initiate the growth of a larger silicon crystal during the crystal growth process.

Adding arsenic (As) to a pure silicon crystal creates an N-type semiconductor because arsenic has five valence electrons. The extra electron becomes free to roam, contributing to conductivity.

Adding phosphorus (P) to a pure silicon crystal creates an N-type semiconductor because phosphorus has five valence electrons. The extra electron contributes to conductivity.

A type of transistor with a base, collector, and emitter. It amplifies current by controlling the flow of electrons from the emitter to the collector using a small current at the base.

A type of transistor with a base, collector, and emitter. It amplifies current by controlling the flow of "holes" (absence of electrons) from the emitter to the collector using a small current at the base.

A closed-loop system that uses feedback to maintain a desired output value. The output is measured and compared to the desired value, and the difference is used to adjust the input to achieve the desired output.

A type of amplifier that operates in the linear region of its characteristics, producing an output signal that is a faithful reproduction of the input signal. The output signal amplitude is proportional to the input signal amplitude.

A type of amplifier that operates on the non-linear portion of its characteristics, producing an output signal that is clipped and distorted. Useful for high-power applications.

A type of amplifier that operates in the middle between Class A and Class C amplifiers. It's more efficient than Class A but can produce some distortion.

A type of amplifier circuit where the output signal is fed back to the input, modifying the input signal and affecting the overall amplification.

A type of electronic component used in control systems to sense the physical world. They convert non-electrical signals like temperature, pressure, or position into electrical signals.

The maximum average current a diode can handle in the forward-biased state.

The maximum peak or surge current a diode can handle in the forward-biased state, for either continuous or non-continuous pulses.

The maximum reverse voltage a diode can withstand without breaking down.

The maximum reverse current a diode allows in the reverse-biased state.

The forward voltage drop across a diode when it's conducting.

The time a diode takes to turn off after switching from forward-biased to reverse-biased.

The maximum amount of power a diode can dissipate as heat while conducting.

The maximum temperature at which a diode can operate before structural damage.

The conventional current flow assumes that electricity travels from the positive terminal of a battery through a circuit and returns to the negative terminal.

Electron flow is the actual movement of electrons from the negative terminal of a battery through a circuit to the positive terminal.

A diode is a two-element semiconductor device used to allow current to flow in only one direction. It acts like a one-way valve for electricity.

Diodes are used in many electronic devices including power supplies, rectifiers, and signal processing circuits.

The semiconductor identification system is a standardized method for identifying diodes, transistors, and other semiconductor devices by using a series of numbers and letters.

The first number in the semiconductor identification system represents the number of active elements in the device. A '1' signifies a diode, a '2' signifies a transistor, and a '3' signifies a tetrode.

The letter 'N' following the first number in the semiconductor identification system signifies that the component is made of semiconductor material.

The 2- or 3-digit number following the letter 'N' is a serialized identification number used for identification purposes.

A type of electronic component used to display numerical values.

A method of representing information using only two states, typically 0 or 1.

A type of display that uses seven segments to form numbers and letters.

A type of digital display that uses a matrix of LEDs to display characters.

The positive terminal of a diode, where current enters the device.

The negative terminal of a diode, where current exits the device.

The color of the band on a digital display that indicates the digit.

A letter suffix used to indicate the specific type of diode.

A black mark on the surface of a digital display to indicate the location of a specific element.

A small colored spot on the surface of a digital display to indicate its purpose.

A type of diode that converts light energy into electrical current. It works by absorbing photons and generating electron-hole pairs, which are then collected by the diode's terminals.

A photodiode's sensitivity to light allows it to be used in applications like proximity detectors that sense objects based on their light reflection, and fiber optic data bus receivers that detect light signals transmitted through optical fibers.

Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are semiconductor devices that convert electrical energy into light energy. They are commonly used in displays, indicators, and backlighting applications.

LEDs are widely used in various electronic devices due to their efficiency, reliability, and long lifespan. They offer advantages over traditional incandescent bulbs, such as lower energy consumption and longer operating life.

A PN junction is a boundary between a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor. This junction is essential in diodes as it controls the flow of current.

The forward voltage drop across a PN junction is the voltage required to turn on a diode and allow current to flow. It is typically 0.7V for silicon diodes and 0.3V for germanium diodes.

Signal Diodes are semiconductor diodes designed for applications involving high-frequency signals. They are typically small in size and have specific characteristics, including a low forward voltage drop and low resistance.

Typical signal diodes come in different sizes categorized by their maximum reverse voltage rating, which is the maximum voltage they can withstand in the reverse direction before breaking down. Common ratings are 100V, 120V, 150V, and 200V.