Electronics Circuit Analysis
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Questions and Answers

Which circuit stage is characterized by providing moderate voltage gain, moderate input impedance, and moderate output impedance?

  • Common-emitter (correct)
  • Emitter follower
  • Schmitt trigger
  • Voltage buffer

For determining the frequency response of a circuit, which mathematical representation must be derived?

  • Doping
  • Loop gain
  • Transfer function (correct)
  • Derating factor

In the context of circuit protection, which metaphor describes the action of an SCR safeguarding a load against supply voltage issues?

  • Hard saturation
  • Crowbar (correct)
  • Doping
  • Triode

What is the function of an emitter follower?

<p>Provides a voltage gain less than unity, high input impedance, and low output impedance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what operating conditions do MOSFETs function in the triode region?

<p>When the drain voltage is more than one threshold below the gate voltage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the effect where a capacitance tied between the input and output of an inverting amplifier appears at the input with a factor equal to one minus the gain of the amplifier?

<p>Miller effect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition where a transistor operates at the upper end of the load line with a base current that is one-tenth of the collector current?

<p>Hard saturation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines many properties of feedback systems, such as gain, frequency response, and I/O impedances?

<p>Loop gain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of a circuit whose output voltage is proportional to the area under the curve of the input voltage?

<p>Integrator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which filter response exhibits an equal ripple amplitude response in the passband?

<p>Chebyshev Response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gate called that is also referred to as the 'all or nothing' gate?

<p>AND (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the time sequence of inputs, outputs, and flip-flop states that can be enumerated?

<p>State Table (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what decade was the transistor invented?

<p>1940s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the invention of Bakelite?

<p>Leo Hendrik Baekeland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transistor can have both depletion and enhancement types?

<p>MOSFET (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) introduced?

<p>1983 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an FET, what is the typical level of gate current ($I_G$)?

<p>Zero (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What region is located to the left of the pinch-off locus in an FET characteristic curve?

<p>Ohmic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is renowned for discovering the radioactive element radium?

<p>Marie Curie (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What invention is attributed to Elmer A. Sperry?

<p>Gyrocompass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In computers, what is the function of cache memory?

<p>Stores most recently used instructions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who invented the phonograph?

<p>John Kruesi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did cardiologist Dr. Paul Zoll invent in 1952?

<p>Pacemaker (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which decade was the telephone invented?

<p>1870s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the consistency of multiple measurements of a stable variable taken in quick succession?

<p>Repeatability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature at which all molecular motion theoretically stops?

<p>Absolute zero (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which temperature scale was one of the earliest to be widely used?

<p>Fahrenheit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of heat transfer involves the movement of heated particles within fluids (liquids and gases)?

<p>Convection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Computer file types are generally identified by their:

<p>Extension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard unit used for measuring the size of computer files?

<p>Byte (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate size of an empty folder in a computer's file system?

<p>902 Bytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of integrated circuit primarily uses artificially grown silicon or germanium crystals as substrates?

<p>Monolithic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon describes the emission of light when electrons in a semiconductor material recombine with holes after being excited by a high-energy electron beam?

<p>Cathodoluminescence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which excess energy is dissipated as heat when an electron is scattered from one atomic vibration to another?

<p>Thermalization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What equation must be solved to determine the carrier concentration at any point at any instant in a semiconductor?

<p>The Continuity equation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a quantum of energy associated with atomic vibrations in a crystal?

<p>Phonon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a principal characteristic of a Zener diode?

<p>A constant voltage under conditions of varying current (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diode is often used in radio frequency (RF) switches, attenuators, and phase shifting devices?

<p>PIN diode (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is essential to the functionality of an optical shaft encoder?

<p>Optocouplers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of random-access semiconductor memory IC requires periodic refreshing to maintain reliable data storage?

<p>DRAM (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company is credited with inventing the transistor in 1947?

<p>Bell Laboratories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one function of a choke in a tube light?

<p>To increase the voltage momentarily (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym 'PPTP' stand for in the context of network protocols?

<p>Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the World Wide Web (WWW)?

<p>Enabling information-sharing via interconnected pages. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard voltage supply required to interface CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) to TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic)?

<p>5V (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following memory types is a type of Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM)?

<p>Flash (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual is credited with writing the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) in 1990, a foundational technology for the World Wide Web?

<p>Tim Berners-Lee (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Schmitt Trigger

A circuit that provides hysteresis for signal frequency stabilization.

Voltage Buffer

A circuit stage providing low output impedance and high input impedance with voltage gain less than unity.

Derating Factor

A value indicating power rating reduction for each degree above a reference temperature.

Loop Gain

A measure of how much gain exists in a feedback system loop.

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Transfer Function

A mathematical representation describing the output for a given input in a system.

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Hard Saturation

A state where a transistor operates at maximum output, limiting further increase in input signal.

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Doping

The process of adding impurity to a semiconductor to change its conductivity.

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Inverting Amplifier's Capacitance

Capacitance between input and output appears scaled by one minus amplifier gain.

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Integrator

A circuit whose output voltage is proportional to the area under the curve of the input voltage.

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Differentiator

A circuit whose output voltage is proportional to the slope of the input voltage.

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Cascading

The connection of the output of one device to the input of another to expand capability.

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Chebyshev Response

A filter response with equiripple amplitude response in the pass band.

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Cache Memory

A small, high-speed memory that stores the most recently used instructions or data.

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Butterworth Response

A filter response that exhibits maximum flatness in the pass band.

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Input Offset Current

The difference in current entering the input terminals of an operational amplifier.

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MOFSET Terminals

MOSFETs can have 3 or 4 terminals for connection.

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Repeatability

A measure of the closeness of agreement between multiple readings of a variable taken consecutively.

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Absolute Zero

The temperature at which all molecular motion ceases, equating to zero energy of molecules.

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Byte

A unit of digital information that consists of 8 bits, used to measure file size.

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Convection

The transfer of heat due to motion of material, typically occurring in liquids and gases.

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Kbyte

A unit of measurement for file size, equivalent to 1024 bytes.

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Synchro Systems

Systems classified into two general types: torque synchros and control synchros.

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Monolithic Circuits

Integrated circuits produced on a single piece of semiconductor material.

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GUI (Graphical User Interface)

A user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices using graphical icons and visual indicators.

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World Wide Web

A system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet.

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Boolean Logic

A form of algebra using true and false values; primarily AND, OR, NOT.

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Flash Memory

A type of non-volatile memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.

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Semiconductor

A material that can conduct electricity under certain conditions; essential for computer chips.

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PPTP

Stands for Point to Point Tunneling Protocol, used for network communication.

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Transistor

A semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals.

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CMOS

Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor; a technology for constructing integrated circuits.

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AS-TTL

Advanced Schottky Transistor-Transistor Logic; a fast logic family for digital circuits.

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Transistor invention decade

The transistor was invented in the 1940s.

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Drain current at pinch-off voltage

When VGS equals pinch-off voltage VP, the drain current is zero.

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Current gain in common-collector

The term used to indicate current gain in a common-collector configuration is beta (β).

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Bakelite inventor

Bakelite was invented by Leo Hendrik Baekeland.

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First solid state integrated circuit decade

The first solid state integrated circuit was demonstrated in the 1950s.

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MIDI introduction year

MIDI was introduced in 1983.

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Pacemaker invention year

Dr. Paul Zoll invented the pacemaker in 1952 in Massachusetts.

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Telephone invention decade

The telephone was invented in the 1870s.

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Cathodoluminescence

Emission of light from a semiconductor when electrons recombine with holes.

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Thermalization

Process where excess energy from electrons is lost as heat through lattice vibrations.

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DRAM

Dynamic Random Access Memory requiring periodic refreshing to maintain data.

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Zener diode

A diode that maintains a constant voltage across its terminals despite varying currents.

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PIN diode

A diode used in RF switches and attenuators, characterized by a layer of intrinsic semiconductor.

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Continuity equation

Equation accounting for the total charge at a location in a semiconductor.

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Crystal lattice filter

A filter with narrow bandwidth made from quartz crystals, offering sharp cut-off frequencies.

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Optical shaft encoder

An array of optocouplers whose light transmission is altered by a rotating wheel.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts in Electronics Circuit Analysis, including voltage gain, MOSFET operation, and feedback systems. This quiz covers essential characteristics of circuit stages and crucial mathematical representations for frequency response. Perfect for students and enthusiasts looking to deepen their understanding of electronic circuits.

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