Electronic Components Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a resistor in an electrical circuit?

  • To generate electrical energy
  • To reduce current flow (correct)
  • To amplify electrical signals
  • To store electrical energy

Which of the following is NOT a type of fixed resistor?

  • Rheostat Resistor (correct)
  • Metal Film Resistor
  • Carbon Film Resistor
  • Wire Wound Resistor

What characterizes a variable resistor?

  • It has a fixed resistance value
  • It can be adjusted manually (correct)
  • It cannot dissipate electrical energy
  • It follows Ohm's law

Which SI unit is used to measure resistance?

<p>Ohm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following applications is most likely to use a potentiometer?

<p>Volume controls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes linear resistors from non-linear resistors?

<p>Linear resistors follow Ohm's law, while non-linear resistors do not (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a passive electronic component?

<p>Resistor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of variable resistor is primarily used for fine adjustments?

<p>Trimmer Resistor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What terminal is primarily used to activate a transistor?

<p>Base (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transistor has one p-type material between two n-type materials?

<p>N-P-N Transistor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily controlled by a small current flowing between the base and emitter in a BJT?

<p>The flow of current between collector and emitter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of a transistor as a switch?

<p>It permits current to flow only at specific times. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a P-N-P transistor, how many p-type materials are present?

<p>Two (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following transistors is commonly used to amplify weak signals?

<p>N-P-N Transistor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT)?

<p>N-P-N and P-N-P (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the collector terminal in a transistor?

<p>To act as the positive lead of the transistor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an inductor?

<p>To store energy in the form of a magnetic field (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following applications is NOT related to diodes?

<p>Filtering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Active components in electronic circuits are defined as those that:

<p>Require an external power source to operate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property of an inductor is measured in henries (H)?

<p>Inductance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which application would a transistor most likely be used?

<p>Amplifying electronic signals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a diode from other passive electronic components?

<p>It has an anode and a cathode (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of passive components?

<p>They do not introduce gain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of inductors used in filtering applications?

<p>To block certain frequencies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the resistance value in non-linear resistors when voltage or current changes?

<p>It changes significantly based on voltage or current. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of non-linear resistors has a resistance that decreases with an increase in temperature?

<p>NTC Thermistor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of non-linear resistors?

<p>For precise control and voltage regulation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a series combination of resistors, how is the total resistance calculated?

<p>$R_{eq} = R_1 + R_2 + ... + R_n$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When resistors are connected in parallel, what characterizes their configuration?

<p>Each resistor has a different current direction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equation correctly represents the equivalent resistance for resistors in parallel?

<p>$ rac{1}{R_{eq}} = rac{1}{R_1} + rac{1}{R_2} + ... + rac{1}{R_n}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT true for non-linear resistors?

<p>Their resistance is directly proportional to current. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor significantly influences the resistance of non-linear resistors?

<p>The applied voltage. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct formula for calculating the equivalent resistance when two resistors are in series?

<p>$R_{eq} = R_1 + R_2 + R_3$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When capacitors are connected in parallel, how is the total capacitance calculated?

<p>It is the sum of the individual capacitances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the function of a capacitor?

<p>To store electrostatic energy in an electric field. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many bands are typically found on a four-band resistor?

<p>Two digits, a multiplier, and a tolerance band. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding capacitors in series?

<p>The total capacitance is less than the smallest capacitor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which color band on a resistor represents the multiplier?

<p>The third band. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit for capacitance?

<p>Farad (F) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following formulas is used to find the equivalent capacitance in capacitors connected in series?

<p>$\frac{1}{C_{eq}} = \frac{1}{C_1} + \frac{1}{C_2} + \ldots$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Passive Component

An electronic component that does not generate power, but instead dissipates, stores, and/or releases it.

Resistor

A passive component that reduces current flow in a circuit.

Ohm

The SI unit of resistance, measured in ohms (Ω).

Fixed Resistor

A resistor whose resistance value is fixed and cannot be changed.

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Variable Resistor

A resistor whose resistance value can be adjusted manually.

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Potentiometer

A type of variable resistor with three terminals, allowing for voltage division.

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Linear Resistor

A resistor where the resistance changes based on the applied temperature or voltage.

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Non-Linear Resistor

A resistor where the resistance changes non-linearly, often influenced by temperature.

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Thermistor

A type of non-linear resistor where resistance changes with temperature. It's a commonly used sensor.

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NTC Thermistor

A thermistor whose resistance decreases as temperature increases.

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PTC Thermistor

A thermistor whose resistance increases as temperature increases.

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Varistor

A non-linear resistor whose resistance changes based on the applied voltage.

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Photo Resistor

A resistor whose resistance varies based on the intensity of light.

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Resistors in Series

When multiple resistors are connected so the same current flows through each.

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Resistors in Parallel

When multiple resistors are connected so that the voltage is the same across each.

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Capacitors in Series

Capacitance in series is calculated as the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of each individual capacitor.

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Capacitors in Parallel

Capacitance in parallel is calculated by simply adding the individual capacitances.

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Resistor Color Code

The value of a resistor is determined by the color bands printed on its body.

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Resistor Tolerance

The color code on a resistor indicates the tolerance, which is the allowable deviation from the stated resistance value.

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Capacitor Function

Capacitors store electrical energy in an electric field.

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Capacitance Unit

The basic unit of capacitance is the farad (F).

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What is a transistor?

A semiconductor device that controls the flow of electrical current. It acts as both a switch and an amplifier.

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What are the terminals of a transistor?

The three terminals of a transistor are the base, collector, and emitter.

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How does the base terminal work?

The base terminal controls the flow of current between the collector and emitter terminals.

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What is a BJT?

A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is a type of transistor that controls current flow using a small current input.

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What is a PNP transistor?

A PNP transistor consists of two p-type materials with an n-type material sandwiched between them.

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What is an NPN transistor?

An NPN transistor consists of two n-type materials with a p-type material sandwiched between them.

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How does current flow in a PNP transistor?

In a PNP transistor, current flows from the collector to the emitter.

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How does current flow in an NPN transistor?

In an NPN transistor, current flows from the emitter to the collector.

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Inductor

A passive component that stores energy in a magnetic field when current flows through it. Typically made of a coil of wire wrapped around a magnetic core.

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Henry (H)

The unit of measurement for inductance, representing how much energy an inductor can store.

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Diode

A component that allows current to flow in only one direction. Has two terminals: anode (positive) and cathode (negative).

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Active Components

Active components require an external power source to operate and can control electrical signals. They introduce gain, regulate voltage, or switch currents.

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Transistor

A semiconductor device that acts as a switch or amplifier for electronic signals. It can control large currents with small signals.

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Rectification

The process of converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).

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Inductor in Filters

Used in filters to block specific frequencies while allowing others to pass. Often found in radio tuning circuits.

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Inductor in Transformers

Inductors with multiple coils transfer energy between circuits. Used for power transformation.

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Study Notes

Electronic Components

  • Electronics is the branch of science and engineering dealing with the study, design, and application of devices, circuits, and systems that control electron flow.
  • Electronic components are basic elements in electrical circuits that control, manipulate, or generate electrical energy/signals.
  • These components are categorized as passive or active.

Passive Components

  • Passive components do not generate power; they dissipate, store, or release it.

  • Resistors are passive components.

    • Made of coiled copper wires coated in insulating materials.
    • Their primary function is to reduce current flow in a circuit.
    • Measured in Ohms (Ω)
    • Classified into linear resistors:
      • Fixed resistors have a constant resistance value.
      • Variable resistors have a variable resistance value; their resistance can be changed manually.

  • Resistors are frequently used in fixed circuits where resistance needs to be stable like voltage dividers or current limiters, and with volume controls, sensors, and radio receivers

  • Resistor types include:

    • Carbon film resistors
    • Wire wound resistors
    • Metal film resistors

  • Non-linear resistors: the resistance changes significantly with changes in voltage or current; do not follow Ohm's law.

    • Thermistors
    • NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient)
    • PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient)
    • Varistors
    • Photoresistors

Resistor Combinations

  • Resistors in series: connected end-to-end; the total resistance is the sum of individual resistances.
  • Resistors in parallel: connected between two points; the reciprocal of the total resistance is the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances.

Capacitor

  • Capacitors store electrostatic energy in an electric field.
  • Measured in farads (F)

Capacitor combinations

  • Capacitors in series: the total capacitance is less than any individual capacitor.
  • Capacitors in parallel: the total capacitance is the sum of individual capacitances

Inductor

  • An inductor is a passive component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electrical current flows through it.
  • Typically a coil of wire.
  • Measured in henries (H)
  • Applications include energy storage, filtering, and transformers.

Diode

  • Diodes are passive components that allow current to flow in one direction only.
  • Have two terminals: anode and cathode.
  • Used for rectification (converting AC to DC), protection, and signal modulation.

Active Components

  • Active components need an external power source to operate and can control/amplify electrical signals. They introduce gain, voltage regulation, or switch currents.

Transistors

  • Transistors are semiconductor devices used to amplify or switch electronic and electrical signals.
  • Have three terminals: base, collector, and emitter.
  • Used in modern electronics for amplification (increase the strength of a signal) and to act as a microscopic switch.
  • Two main types:
    • Bipolar junction transistors (BJTs)
      • P-N-P (p-type material between two n-type materials)
      • N-P-N (n-type material between two p-type materials)

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Electronic Components: Resistors PDF

Description

Test your knowledge about electronic components, specifically focusing on passive components like resistors. This quiz covers their functions, classifications, and applications in circuits. Understand the importance of these basic elements in electronic engineering.

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