Electronic Communication Overview

• Electronictromagnetic, photoelectronic or photooptical system that affects interstate or foreign commerce.
• Examples include email, instant messaging, websites, blogs, text messaging, voicemail, and video messaging.
• Electronic communication has changed the way businesses communicate with each other.

Communication

• Electronic communication is any transfer of signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, data, or information transmitted by wire, radio, elec

Electronic communication can be very beneficial if used effectively.

Methods of Communication

• Face to face communication is direct interaction between two or more people.
• Signals are used to transmit information by means of predetermined meanings.
• Written word refers to communicating by letters, memos, or other written documents.
• Electrical innovations have revolutionized communication methods:
  • The Telegraph allowed for long-distance communication using electrical signals along wires.
  • The telephone enabled voice communication over distances via electrical signals.
  • Radio uses electromagnetic waves to transmit audio signals over long distances.
  • Television broadcasts video and audio signals using electromagnetic waves.
  • The internet is a global network of interconnected computers that facilitates communication and information sharing.

Communication Systems

• Basic components of a communication system:
  • Transmitter converts information into a transmittable signal.
  • Channel or medium carries the signal from the transmitter to the receiver.
  • Receiver converts the received signal back to the original information.
• Noise degrades or interferes with transmitted information.

Types of Electronic Communication

• Simplex communication allows for one-way transmission, like radio broadcasts, TV broadcasts, and beepers.
• Full Duplex communication is two-way and allows simultaneous transmission and reception, such as telephone calls.
• Half Duplex communication is two-way but only allows one party to transmit at a time, like police radios, CB radios, and amateur radios.

Analog Signals

• Analog signals are continuously varying signals that represent information as a smooth wave.
• They are used in voice and video communication, including television signals.

Digital Signals

• Digital signals are discrete signals that represent information using a limited set of values, often binary (0s and 1s).
• Examples include telegraph signals, Morse code, and serial binary code.
• Digital data can be transmitted over analog networks, such as telephone lines, by converting the data to analog signals (using an analog-to-digital converter) and then converting it back to digital data at the receiver.

Modulation and Multiplexing

• Modulation is the process of changing a signal's characteristics to make it suitable for transmission over a specific medium.
• Multiplexing allows multiple signals to share the same transmission medium, increasing efficiency.

Baseband Transmission

• Baseband information is transmitted directly over the medium without modulation or is used to modulate a carrier for transmission.
• This is used in telephone systems and some computer networks.

Broadband Transmission

• Broadband transmission involves modulating a high-frequency carrier signal with the information signal and transmitting it through space using electromagnetic waves.
• Amplitude modulation (AM) and Frequency modulation (FM) are common methods of modulation.
• Phase modulation (PM) is another method where the phase angle of the carrier wave is varied.
• Frequency-shift keying (FSK) converts data into frequency-varying tones.
• Modems (modulator-demodulator) translate digital data to analog signals and vice versa.
• Demodulation extracts the original information signal from the modulated carrier wave in the receiver.

Multiplexing

• Frequency division multiplexing (FDM) assigns different frequency bands for each signal.
• Time division multiplexing (TDM) assigns different time slots for each signal.
• Code division multiplexing (CDM) uses unique codes to separate signals within the same time slot.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

• The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses all frequencies of electromagnetic waves.
• Radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays are parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Frequency and Wavelength

• Frequency is the number of cycles of a wave per second, measured in Hertz (Hz).
• Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs of a wave, measured in meters (m).
• Wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency.
• The speed of light is constant, approximately 3 × 10⁸ meters per second (m/s).
• The relationship between frequency (f) and wavelength (λ) is given by:
  • λ = speed of light / f
  • Example: If the frequency is 4 MHz, the wavelength is 75 meters.

This quiz explores the different methods of electronic communication, such as email, instant messaging, and video messaging. It also covers traditional communication methods like face-to-face interaction and written communication. Understand how these methods have transformed business interactions and overall communication practices.