15 Questions
Which chemical property describes the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond?
Electronegativity
What type of bond is formed between two atoms of similar electronegativity?
Covalent bond
What happens when there is an increase in electronegativity of one atom in a bond?
The atom has greater control over the bonding electrons
Is the molecule H2O polar or nonpolar?
Polar
What is a characteristic of polar covalent bonds?
Electrons are unequally shared by the atoms
Which property describes the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond?
Electronegativity
What type of bond is formed between two atoms of similar electronegativity?
Covalent bond
Which molecule is polar?
H2O
What is the dipole moment of a non-polar bond?
0
What happens when there is an increase in electronegativity of one atom in a bond?
The atom has greater control over the bonding pair of electrons
True or false: Electronegativity measures the ability of an atom to attract protons towards itself in a chemical bond.
False
True or false: Non-polar bonds are formed between two atoms with different electronegativity.
False
True or false: An increase in electronegativity of one atom will result in that atom having greater control over the bonding pair of electrons.
True
True or false: CO2 is a polar molecule.
False
True or false: Hydrogen has a higher electronegativity than oxygen.
False
Study Notes
Electronegativity
- Electronegativity (χ) is a chemical property that describes an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.
Non-Polar Bonds
- Formed between two atoms of similar electronegativity
- Result in essentially covalent bonds
- Dipole moment = 0
Polar Bonds
- Formed when there is an increase in electronegativity of one atom
- Results in unequal sharing of electrons, with one atom having greater control over the bonding pair of electrons
- Electronegativity values: χ = 2.1, χ = 3.0
Molecular Polarity
- H2O (water) is a polar molecule due to oxygen's higher electronegativity than hydrogen
- Oxygen wants the electrons more than hydrogen does, resulting in unequal sharing of electrons
- CO2 is a non-polar molecule (no information provided, but it would be if the electronegativity values were similar)
- CH4 is a non-polar molecule (no information provided, but it would be if the electronegativity values were similar)
Key Points
- Polar covalent bonds involve unequal sharing of electrons, with one atom attracting electrons more than the other
- Electronegativity values determine the polarity of a molecule
Test your knowledge on electronegativity and polar bonds with this quiz. Learn about the concept of electronegativity and how it affects the formation of polar and non-polar bonds.
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