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Questions and Answers
Which chemical property describes the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond?
Which chemical property describes the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond?
- Polarity
- Electronegativity (correct)
- Dipole moment
- Covalent bond
What type of bond is formed between two atoms of similar electronegativity?
What type of bond is formed between two atoms of similar electronegativity?
- Hydrogen bond
- Polar bond
- Covalent bond (correct)
- Ionic bond
What happens when there is an increase in electronegativity of one atom in a bond?
What happens when there is an increase in electronegativity of one atom in a bond?
- The bond becomes ionic
- The atom has greater control over the bonding electrons (correct)
- The bond becomes metallic
- The bond becomes nonpolar
Is the molecule H2O polar or nonpolar?
Is the molecule H2O polar or nonpolar?
What is a characteristic of polar covalent bonds?
What is a characteristic of polar covalent bonds?
Which property describes the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond?
Which property describes the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond?
What type of bond is formed between two atoms of similar electronegativity?
What type of bond is formed between two atoms of similar electronegativity?
Which molecule is polar?
Which molecule is polar?
What is the dipole moment of a non-polar bond?
What is the dipole moment of a non-polar bond?
What happens when there is an increase in electronegativity of one atom in a bond?
What happens when there is an increase in electronegativity of one atom in a bond?
True or false: Electronegativity measures the ability of an atom to attract protons towards itself in a chemical bond.
True or false: Electronegativity measures the ability of an atom to attract protons towards itself in a chemical bond.
True or false: Non-polar bonds are formed between two atoms with different electronegativity.
True or false: Non-polar bonds are formed between two atoms with different electronegativity.
True or false: An increase in electronegativity of one atom will result in that atom having greater control over the bonding pair of electrons.
True or false: An increase in electronegativity of one atom will result in that atom having greater control over the bonding pair of electrons.
True or false: CO2 is a polar molecule.
True or false: CO2 is a polar molecule.
True or false: Hydrogen has a higher electronegativity than oxygen.
True or false: Hydrogen has a higher electronegativity than oxygen.
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Study Notes
Electronegativity
- Electronegativity (χ) is a chemical property that describes an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.
Non-Polar Bonds
- Formed between two atoms of similar electronegativity
- Result in essentially covalent bonds
- Dipole moment = 0
Polar Bonds
- Formed when there is an increase in electronegativity of one atom
- Results in unequal sharing of electrons, with one atom having greater control over the bonding pair of electrons
- Electronegativity values: χ = 2.1, χ = 3.0
Molecular Polarity
- H2O (water) is a polar molecule due to oxygen's higher electronegativity than hydrogen
- Oxygen wants the electrons more than hydrogen does, resulting in unequal sharing of electrons
- CO2 is a non-polar molecule (no information provided, but it would be if the electronegativity values were similar)
- CH4 is a non-polar molecule (no information provided, but it would be if the electronegativity values were similar)
Key Points
- Polar covalent bonds involve unequal sharing of electrons, with one atom attracting electrons more than the other
- Electronegativity values determine the polarity of a molecule
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