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Questions and Answers
What is the charge on the hydroxide compound ion?
Which type of ion is formed when fluorine gains electrons?
What is the electron configuration of a beryllium atom?
Why do some ions attract while others repel?
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What is the term for a strong force that joins atoms or ions together in molecules and giant lattices?
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What determines if an atom will form a positive ion?
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How do atoms form positive ions?
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In the formation of a sodium ion, how many electrons are lost?
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What happens to the charge of an atom when it forms a negative ion?
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Which of the following elements is most likely to form a negative ion?
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How is a chloride ion different from a chlorine atom?
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In the formation of a sulfide ion, why does sulfur gain 2 electrons?
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What is the charge on a fluoride ion?
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How do non-metal atoms typically form ions?
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Why do negative ions have a 'small '-' symbol' before their chemical symbol?
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Study Notes
Ions and Electron Configuration
- Atoms gain or lose electrons to complete their outer electron shell, forming ions with the same electron configuration.
- Example: oxygen and fluorine gain electrons to become negative ions with the same electron configuration.
Compound Ions
- A compound ion is made up of a group of atoms.
- Examples of compound ions: hydroxide (OH-), sulfate (SO42-), nitrate (NO3-), carbonate (CO32-), ammonium (NH4+).
Positive and Negative Ions
- Atoms with a nearly empty outer shell lose electrons to obtain a full outer shell, forming positive ions.
- Atoms with a nearly full outer shell gain electrons to obtain a full outer shell, forming negative ions.
Formation of Positive Ions
- Atoms that lose one or more electrons form positive ions.
- Examples: lithium (2.1 → Li+), magnesium (2.8.2 → Mg2+), aluminium (2.8.3 → Al3+).
Formation of Negative Ions
- Atoms that gain one or more electrons form negative ions.
- Examples: chlorine (2.8.7 → Cl-), oxygen (2.6 → O2-), nitrogen (2.5 → N3-).
Ion Charges
- The charge on an ion is indicated by a small '+' or '-' symbol and a number.
- The number is usually the same as the number of electrons lost or gained.
Ion Attraction and Conductivity
- Ions attract or repel each other due to their charges.
- Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity.
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Description
Test your knowledge of electron configurations and ion charges with this quiz. Practice identifying the number of electrons, shells, and charges on ions of various elements. Understand how different elements gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
