Electromagnetic & Radiation Concept
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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of electromagnetic radiation in terms of its electric and magnetic field components?

  • They are constant and do not oscillate
  • They only have an electric field component
  • They oscillate in phase with each other and perpendicular to the direction of energy propagation (correct)
  • They oscillate out of phase with each other and parallel to the direction of energy propagation

    • What is the correct order of electromagnetic radiation in terms of increasing frequency and decreasing wavelength?

  • Gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, infrared radiation, microwaves, radio waves
  • Visible light, ultraviolet radiation, infrared radiation, microwaves, radio waves, X-rays, Gamma rays
  • X-rays, Gamma rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, infrared radiation, microwaves, radio waves
  • Radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, Gamma rays (correct)

    • What is the main component of an atom?

  • Nucleus
  • Empty space (correct)
  • Electrons
  • Protons and neutrons

    • What happens during radioactive decay?

    <p>The nucleus decays into a more stable atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between radioactive decay and what happens in a nuclear power station?

    <p>Radioactive decay is spontaneous, while nuclear power stations are controlled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of beta particles?

    <p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical range of beta particles in air?

    <p>A few meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between gamma rays and alpha particles?

    <p>Gamma rays are waves, while alpha particles are particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do gamma rays have no mass?

    <p>Because they are electromagnetic waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Technetium-99 in medicine?

    <p>As a 'tracer' in medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the nucleus after it emits a gamma ray?

    <p>It loses energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of a beta particle?

    <p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom?

    <p>Atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of gamma rays in terms of speed?

    <p>Very fast (speed of light)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between isotopes of the same atom?

    <p>Different number of neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter of the nucleus compared to the whole atom?

    <p>100,000 to 200,000 times smaller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of carbon-14 isotope?

    <p>One useful isotope of carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the biological effect of one gray of radiation?

    <p>It causes damage to the cells in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the sievert unit?

    <p>To relate the absorbed dose to the biological damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause damage to the cells in the body due to radioactivity?

    <p>Both ionization and heating effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of ionizing radiation?

    <p>Radiation that produces ions in matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen when radiation enters the body and hits a cell?

    <p>Four things</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equivalent of one sievert in rads?

    <p>100 rads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation of the unit used to describe an amount of gamma and X-rays in air?

    <p>It is only for deposition in air and only for gamma and X-rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement that relates the absorbed dose in human tissue to the effective biological damage of the radiation?

    <p>Rem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement that expresses the amount of energy actually absorbed in some material?

    <p>Both Rad and Gray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement used to express radioactivity?

    <p>Curie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equivalent dose of 1 rad of exposure?

    <p>1 rem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit of measurement is used for any type of radiation and any material?

    <p>Both Rad and Gray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Potassium iodide can completely destroy the thyroid gland in the presence of radioactive iodine.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    100 rems of radiation exposure can cause immediate heart failure and death.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Symptoms of radiation sickness may persist for up to 5 years.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Radiation damage to the intestinal tract lining will cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea at an exposure of 100 rems or more.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Radiation only harms the DNA of surviving cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Taking potassium iodide can increase the effects of radioactive iodine on the thyroid gland.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Radiation exposure of 100 rems can reduce the blood's lymphocyte cell count, making the victim more susceptible to infection.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Early symptoms of radiation sickness are unique and easily recognizable.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Radiation exposure can only cause immediate damage to the heart and small blood vessels.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Radiation can only harm rapidly dividing cells in the body.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

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