Electrolytes and Selective Permeability Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What determines the movement of compounds and charges across a concentration gradient?

  • The concentration of the compounds and charges (correct)
  • The temperature of the solvent
  • The size of the cell membrane
  • The type of solvent used for dissolving
  • Which substances move more rapidly through diffusion?

  • Large particles
  • Thicker, viscous solutions
  • Small molecules (correct)
  • Charged particles
  • Which process involves a series of enzymatically catalyzed reactions in which glucose is broken down to yield lactic acid and pyruvic acid?

  • Electron transport chain
  • Glycolysis (correct)
  • ATP synthesis
  • Krebs cycle
  • Where does glycolysis take place within the cell?

    <p>Cytosol of the cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In facilitated diffusion, which hormone is required to help move glucose into the cells?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing feature of active transport compared to diffusion?

    <p>Requires a carrier mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many ATP molecules are gained during the breakdown of glucose into two three-carbon pyruvic acid molecules in glycolysis?

    <p>Two ATP molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of cellular respiration yields as many as 36 ATP molecules per glucose molecule?

    <p>Aerobic phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During cellular respiration, what is the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport Chain?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Krebs cycle, which molecule combines with a four-carbon oxaloacetic acid to form a six-carbon citric acid?

    <p>Acetyl coenzyme A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of ATP molecules produced after both glycolysis and the Krebs cycle have occurred?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ATP in cellular functions?

    <p>To store high-energy electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between pinocytosis and phagocytosis?

    <p>Pinocytosis involves taking in small liquid droplets, while phagocytosis involves engulfing solids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>It shrinks abnormally due to excessive water loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the sodium/potassium pump mentioned in the text?

    <p>Transport two potassium ions out of the cell while three sodium ions enter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does osmotic pressure affect the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane?

    <p>It accelerates water movement from high to low solute concentration areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is fluid balance?

    <p>The process of equal intake and output of fluids to maintain homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers a person to feel thirsty?

    <p>When there is a decrease in body fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the body respond when fluid volume decreases?

    <p>Kidney tubules reabsorb more water and excrete less urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial to maintain the proper balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body?

    <p>It is necessary for life and survival of an individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

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