Electrolyte Imbalances and Disorders Lecture
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Questions and Answers

What are the signs and symptoms of hypernatremia?

  • Thirst, CNS deterioration, increased interstitial fluid (correct)
  • Fatigue, seizures, coma
  • Confusion, nausea, vomiting
  • Lethargy, agitation, muscle twitching
  • In hypovolemic hyponatremia, what can lead to the patient becoming dehydrated?

  • Kidney failure
  • Excessive sweating
  • Vomiting, diarrhea (correct)
  • Excessive infusion of saline
  • What distinguishes hypervolemic hyponatremia from hypovolemic hyponatremia?

  • Dehydration and high sodium levels
  • Fluid overload and sodium dilution (correct)
  • Fluid overload and sodium depletion
  • Dehydration and low sodium levels
  • Which condition is NOT associated with hyponatremia?

    <p>Thirst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of hypernatremia according to the text?

    <p>Excessive infusion of saline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte controls the electrical signal of the myocardium to ensure proper heart function?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of hyperkalemia in the body?

    <p>Ventricular fibrillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte enters the cells of the heart and arteries, causing them to constrict or contract?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential symptom of hypocalcemia related to neuromuscular function?

    <p>Muscle twitching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with loss of deep tendon reflexes and depression of CNS due to electrolyte imbalance?

    <p>Hypermagnesemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary intracellular cation responsible for conducting nerve impulses and muscle functions?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what body system does calcium primarily cause cells to constrict or contract?

    <p>Cardiovascular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance can lead to seizures and coma resulting in irreversible brain damage?

    <p>Hypernatremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment approach is recommended for hypomagnesemia?

    <p>Magnesium replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration when administering IV potassium replacement therapy?

    <p>Avoid administration without dilution or agitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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