Electrolyte Disorders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a common symptom of hypercalcemia?

  • Positive Chvostek's sign
  • Paresthesia
  • Muscle spasms
  • Kidney stones (correct)

    • Which condition can lead to hypocalcemia?

  • Hyperparathyroidism
  • Prolonged immobility
  • Vitamin D deficiency (correct)
  • Long-term corticosteroid use

    • What is a treatment option for severe hypercalcemia?

  • Cholecalciferol
  • Dialysis (correct)
  • Increased calcium-rich foods
  • Calcium supplements

    • What is one of the causes of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of potassium in the body?

    <p>Maintaining intracellular fluid balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of hyperkalemia?

    <p>Diabetic ketoacidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is used for hyperkalemia?

    <p>Calcium gluconate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would likely contribute to hypokalemia?

    <p>Gastrointestinal losses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of hypernatremia?

    <p>Cushing's syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly associated with severe hyponatremia?

    <p>Seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of IV fluid is recommended for treating severe hyponatremia?

    <p>Hypertonic IV fluids (e.g., 2-3% NaCl)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can lead to both hypovolemia and signs of hypernatremia?

    <p>Diabetes insipidus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following treatments is contraindicated for hypernatremia?

    <p>Use of diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT a symptom of hypernatremia?

    <p>Decreased tendon reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for hemoglobin in males?

    <p>14-18 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is commonly associated with hyponatremia?

    <p>Anorexia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms would indicate hypernatremia?

    <p>Restless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of metabolic alkalosis?

    <p>Dysrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for the white blood cell count (WBC)?

    <p>5,000-10,000 mm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the incorrect pairing of symptoms to the respective sodium imbalance.

    <p>Hyponatremia - Fluid retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is associated with both hypernatremia and hyponatremia?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would indicate a pH level consistent with metabolic alkalosis?

    <p>pH of 7.50</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common cause of metabolic alkalosis?

    <p>Antacid overdose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly associated with hypercalcemia?

    <p>Back pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Kidney stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Convulsions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT associated with hypercalcemia?

    <p>Stridor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for Calcium (Ca) levels?

    <p>9.0 - 10.5 mEq</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common presentation in hypocalcemia?

    <p>Arrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is indicated by Calcium levels exceeding 10.5 mEq?

    <p>Hypercalcemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what Calcium level is hypocalcemia diagnosed?

    <p>Less than 7.5 mEq</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Antacids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the threshold for diagnosing hypercalcemia based on Calcium levels?

    <p>Above 10.5 mEq</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is shared by both hyperkalemia and hypokalemia?

    <p>Weakness/fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypokalemia?

    <p>Thready pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom specifically indicates hyperkalemia?

    <p>Muscle cramps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change is commonly associated with hyperkalemia?

    <p>Changes in reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one likely cause of respiratory alkalosis?

    <p>Anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is associated with respiratory acidosis?

    <p>Confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment option is appropriate for addressing respiratory alkalosis?

    <p>Rebreathing exhaled air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is a common cause of respiratory acidosis?

    <p>Opioid overdose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of respiratory alkalosis?

    <p>Lethargy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a pH level characteristic of metabolic alkalosis?

    <blockquote> <p>7.45</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is associated with metabolic alkalosis?

    <p>Muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment is commonly used for metabolic acidosis?

    <p>Sodium bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly differentiates between metabolic alkalosis and metabolic acidosis?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis features a low HCO₃⁻ level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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