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Questions and Answers
What is the role of the anode in electrolysis?
What is the role of the anode in electrolysis?
Which electrode in electrolysis is associated with reduction?
Which electrode in electrolysis is associated with reduction?
What type of ions are attracted towards the cathode in electrolysis?
What type of ions are attracted towards the cathode in electrolysis?
Which electrode reacts with the hydroxide ion in water electrolysis?
Which electrode reacts with the hydroxide ion in water electrolysis?
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In the context of electrolysis, what does the cathode receive?
In the context of electrolysis, what does the cathode receive?
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Which electrode loses one electron to form a positive ion in electrolysis?
Which electrode loses one electron to form a positive ion in electrolysis?
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What is the main purpose of electrolysis in the context of hydrogen production?
What is the main purpose of electrolysis in the context of hydrogen production?
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Which of the following best describes the role of the cathode in the electrolysis of water?
Which of the following best describes the role of the cathode in the electrolysis of water?
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What happens at the anode during the electrolysis of water?
What happens at the anode during the electrolysis of water?
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What is the primary function of the electric current in the electrolysis of water?
What is the primary function of the electric current in the electrolysis of water?
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What is the role of the electrolyte solution in the electrolysis of water?
What is the role of the electrolyte solution in the electrolysis of water?
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What is the main advantage of using electrolysis to produce hydrogen compared to other methods?
What is the main advantage of using electrolysis to produce hydrogen compared to other methods?
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Which of the following electrolysis technologies uses a liquid alkali as the electrolyte?
Which of the following electrolysis technologies uses a liquid alkali as the electrolyte?
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Which electrolysis technology is known for its high energy efficiency but also has significantly higher capital costs?
Which electrolysis technology is known for its high energy efficiency but also has significantly higher capital costs?
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What is the primary advantage of High-pressure Alkali Membrane Electrolysis (HPMAE) technology?
What is the primary advantage of High-pressure Alkali Membrane Electrolysis (HPMAE) technology?
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Which of the following is NOT a challenge associated with electrolysis technologies for hydrogen production?
Which of the following is NOT a challenge associated with electrolysis technologies for hydrogen production?
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What factor should be considered when choosing the appropriate electrolysis technology for hydrogen production?
What factor should be considered when choosing the appropriate electrolysis technology for hydrogen production?
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What presents opportunities for innovation and improvement in the field of electrolysis and hydrogen production?
What presents opportunities for innovation and improvement in the field of electrolysis and hydrogen production?
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Study Notes
Electrolysis
Electrolysis is a chemical process used to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen gases using electricity. It involves passing an electric current through a liquid or molten substance called an electrolyte, which dissociates into positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions). This process can occur when two metals with different electronegativities are placed in contact with each other and a direct electrical voltage is applied to them.
Electrodes
In electrolysis, two types of electrodes are typically used: the anode and the cathode. These electrodes play crucial roles in the overall process.
Anode
The negative ion (or anion) is attracted towards the positive electrode known as the anode, which undergoes oxidation because it loses one electron to form a positive ion. In this case, the hydroxide ion from the water molecule acts as the anion; hence, the anode reacts either with the hydroxide ion or with another species present in the solution to produce more positively charged ions.
Cathode
On the other hand, the positive ion (or cation) is attracted towards the negative electrode known as the cathode. Here, reduction occurs due to the gain of electrons by the cation, forming the neutral gas product. In the context of water electrolysis, the proton (H+) acts as the cation, and since all elements have a finite amount of electrons, the cathode receives these extra electrons.
To achieve successful electrolysis and generate useful products, the selection of appropriate electrodes plays a significant role. For instance, in chlorine alkali production, high surface area titanium or tantalum porous electrodes are often used for their excellent electrochemical performance and resistance to corrosion. Similarly, platinum was historically used in fuel cells, but has been replaced by more cost-effective alternatives like nickel catalysts.
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Description
Learn about the chemical process of electrolysis and the crucial roles played by the anode and cathode electrodes. Understand how anions and cations interact with the electrodes during electrolysis and the importance of selecting appropriate materials for successful electrolytic reactions.
