Electrochemistry Quiz

गैल्वेनिक सेल में इलेक्ट्रॉन का प्रवाह किस दिशा में होता है?

नर्न्सट समीकरण किसे संबंधित करता है?

इलेक्ट्रोकेमिकल सीरीज में अर्रेंजमेंट किस आधार पर किया जाता है?

करोशन क्या है?

डानियल सेल किस प्रकार का सेल है?

दो बिंदु आवेशों के बीच विद्युत बल किस नियम द्वारा परिभाषित किया जाता है?

विद्युत क्षेत्र रेखाओं के घनत्व का क्या अर्थ होता है?

विद्युत फ्लक्स का माप क्या होता है?

गाउस के नियम के अनुसार, समीपVAR के लिए विद्युत फ्लक्स क्या होता है?

विद्युत डिपोल का डिपोल मोमेंट क्या होता है?

Galvanic Cells

A galvanic cell is an electrochemical cell that generates an electric potential from spontaneous redox reactions.
Also known as voltaic cells.
Consists of two half-cells: an anode (oxidation occurs) and a cathode (reduction occurs).
Electrons flow from anode to cathode through an external circuit, generating an electric current.
Examples: zinc-copper cell, Daniell cell.

Nernst Equation

Relates the reduction potential of a half-cell to the standard reduction potential and the concentrations of the reactants and products.
Equation: E = E° + (RT/nF) * ln(Q)
Where:
- E = cell potential
- E° = standard cell potential
- R = gas constant
- T = temperature in Kelvin
- n = number of electrons transferred
- F = Faraday constant
- Q = reaction quotient

Electrochemical Series

A table of standard reduction potentials for half-cells, arranged in order of increasing potential.
Also known as the electromotive series.
Used to predict the spontaneity of redox reactions.
Examples:
- Highly reactive metals (e.g., Li, Na, K): high negative reduction potentials.
- Noble metals (e.g., Au, Ag, Pt): high positive reduction potentials.

Corrosion and its Prevention

Corrosion: the degradation of materials (e.g., metals) due to electrochemical reactions with their environment.
Causes:
- Moisture
- Oxygen
- Acids
- Salts
Prevention methods:
- Coatings (e.g., paint, varnish)
- Cathodic protection
- Sacrificial protection (e.g., zinc coating on steel)
- Inhibitors (e.g., chromate, phosphate)

Electrolytic Cells

An electrochemical cell that uses an external voltage source to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction.
Also known as electrolytic cells or electrolyzers.
Applications:
- Electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen and oxygen
- Electroplating
- Production of chlorine and sodium hydroxide
Differences from galvanic cells:
- External voltage source required
- Non-spontaneous reaction occurs

Test your understanding of electrochemical cells, including galvanic cells, Nernst equation, electrochemical series, corrosion, and electrolytic cells.