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Questions and Answers
What does the electrochemical series indicate about elements at the top of the list?
What does the electrochemical series indicate about elements at the top of the list?
Why is it necessary for lead bromide to be in a molten state during electrolysis?
Why is it necessary for lead bromide to be in a molten state during electrolysis?
Which of the following materials is a suitable electrode for the electrolysis of lead bromide?
Which of the following materials is a suitable electrode for the electrolysis of lead bromide?
What is the balanced half equation for the reduction reaction occurring at the cathode during the electrolysis of molten lead bromide?
What is the balanced half equation for the reduction reaction occurring at the cathode during the electrolysis of molten lead bromide?
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Which metal, besides lead, can be extracted from its compound through electrolysis, and what is the compound?
Which metal, besides lead, can be extracted from its compound through electrolysis, and what is the compound?
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What is the primary purpose of electrolysis in the context of copper purification?
What is the primary purpose of electrolysis in the context of copper purification?
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How does an electrolyte facilitate electrochemical reactions?
How does an electrolyte facilitate electrochemical reactions?
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Which of the following statements about electrodes is true?
Which of the following statements about electrodes is true?
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What role does the impure copper play in the electrolysis process for copper purification?
What role does the impure copper play in the electrolysis process for copper purification?
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Which metal is commonly used as the positive electrode during the electroplating process of silver?
Which metal is commonly used as the positive electrode during the electroplating process of silver?
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What is a key benefit of electroplating an object?
What is a key benefit of electroplating an object?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of electrolysis?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of electrolysis?
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During electroplating, what happens at the negative electrode?
During electroplating, what happens at the negative electrode?
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Study Notes
Electrochemistry
- Electrochemistry is the use of an electric current to bring about chemical reactions, and the use of chemical reactions to produce an electric current.
Electrolysis
- Definition: Electrolysis is the use of electricity to bring about a chemical reaction in an electrolyte. A chemical reaction is produced when an electric current is passed through an electrolyte.
- Definition: An electrolyte is a compound which when molten or dissolved in water will conduct an electric current.
Electrodes
- Two electrodes are used to make contact with the electrolyte.
- Electrodes are usually made of carbon or platinum since they are unreactive and do not react with the electrolyte.
- Some electrodes do not react with the electrolyte, these are called inert electrodes.
- Some electrodes react with the electrolyte, these are called active electrodes.
Purification of Copper
- The electrolysis of copper sulfate solution using copper electrodes is used to purify copper for the electronics industry.
- The impure copper is used as the positive electrode.
- A thin sheet of very pure copper is used as the negative electrode.
- As a current is passed through the cell, pure copper is plated onto the negative electrode.
- The impurities fall to the bottom of the cell.
Electroplating
- Definition: Electroplating is a process where electrolysis is used to put a layer of one metal on the surface of another.
Electrochemical Series
- Definition: The electrochemical series is a list of elements in order of their standard electrode potentials.
- Elements at the top of the list lose electrons more easily than elements further down. Elements at the top are more reactive than elements further down.
- The table shows the most electropositive to least electropositive elements.
Exam Questions (2013 HL Section B Question 11)
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Electrolysis: Electrolysis is a chemical reaction that occurs when electricity passes through an electrolyte.
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Molten Lead Bromide: Lead bromide must be molten so that the ions are free to move.
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Electrode Material: A suitable material for electrodes is platinum.
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Balanced Half-equations (during electrolysis):
- Pb2+ + 2e- → Pb
- 2Br- → Br2 + 2e-
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Metal Extracted by Electrolysis (other than lead): Sodium.
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Compound Electrolysed to Produce Sodium: Sodium chloride.
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Description
Test your understanding of electrochemistry concepts, including electrolysis, electrodes, and the purification of copper. This quiz covers the fundamental principles and applications of electrochemical reactions. Challenge yourself and see how well you know this exciting field!
