Gr 9 NATURAL SCIENCES: CH 3.6 SUM Energy and The National Electricity Grid
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary method of generating electricity in South Africa?

  • Converting different forms of energy into electrical energy (correct)
  • Using nuclear power
  • Burning fossil fuels
  • Using alternative energy sources

What is the purpose of a turbine in a power station?

  • To burn coal
  • To generate steam
  • To transmit electricity
  • To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy (correct)

What is the result of burning coal in a furnace?

  • Production of mechanical energy
  • Production of steam (correct)
  • Generation of electricity
  • Pulverization of coal

What is the definition of alternative energy?

<p>Sources of energy that are not derived from fossil fuels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in a coal-powered power station?

<p>Transmission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a generator?

<p>A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

<p>All of the above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pulverization in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To crush large chunks of coal into a fine powder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy source is coal?

<p>Non-renewable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a power station?

<p>A facility for the generation of electrical power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of generating electricity in a hydroelectric power plant?

<p>Water flows through turbines, turning them to generate electricity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major advantage of wind power?

<p>Low emissions during operation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of generating electricity in solar power plants?

<p>Converting sunlight into electricity through photovoltaic cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a portable generator?

<p>Hand-crank generator (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of generating electricity in a nuclear power station?

<p>Nuclear fission (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into two smaller nuclei?

<p>Nuclear fission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for emitting radiation as a result of the decay of atomic nuclei?

<p>Radioactive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the nuclear power station located in Cape Town, South Africa?

<p>Koeberg Power Station (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus?

<p>Nuclear fusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the energy produced from controlled nuclear reactions?

<p>Nuclear Power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary fuel used in nuclear power stations?

<p>Uranium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To absorb excess neutrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of nuclear power generation in terms of greenhouse gas emissions?

<p>It produces minimal greenhouse gas emissions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To ensure safe operating temperatures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major disadvantage of nuclear power generation?

<p>Radioactive waste production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a transformer in the national electricity grid?

<p>To change the voltage of an electric current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pylons in the national electricity grid?

<p>To support overhead power lines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of transmission lines in the national electricity grid?

<p>To transport electricity over long distances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a power surge in the national electricity grid?

<p>A sudden increase in voltage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Fukushima-Daiichi disaster?

<p>It underscores the potential risks associated with nuclear power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of transformers in the grid?

<p>To manage voltage levels throughout the grid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is high-voltage electricity essential for transmission?

<p>To reduce energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the voltage during transmission through step-up transformers?

<p>It increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a power surge?

<p>Damage to sensitive electronic devices and circuits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of surge protectors?

<p>To safeguard appliances by absorbing excess voltage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do step-down transformers affect voltage levels?

<p>Decrease voltage levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of grid monitoring?

<p>To monitor voltage levels and cut off the power supply during a surge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of resistance in transmission lines?

<p>Increase in energy loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to the steam in a coal-powered power station?

<p>It turns a turbine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the electricity after step-up transformation?

<p>It is transmitted through power lines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a generator in a power station?

<p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pulverization in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To crush large chunks of coal into a fine powder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary energy source used for electricity generation in South Africa?

<p>Coal energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the turbine spins in a coal-powered power station?

<p>The generator turns, producing electricity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for energy sources that are not derived from fossil fuels?

<p>Alternative energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the turbine in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To convert steam energy into mechanical energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the steam after pushing the turbine blades?

<p>It is converted back into water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of combusting coal in a furnace?

<p>It releases heat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of step 6 in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To transmit electricity to homes and businesses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of turbines in a hydroelectric power plant?

<p>To generate electricity from the potential energy of stored water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of energy source is characterized by the process of controlled nuclear reactions?

<p>Nuclear power (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power?

<p>Renewability and lower environmental impact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into two smaller nuclei?

<p>Nuclear fission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of nuclear power generation in terms of greenhouse gas emissions?

<p>Low emissions during operation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To control the rate of nuclear fission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the energy produced from the heat of the Earth's interior?

<p>Geothermal energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of portable generators?

<p>To generate electricity during power outages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of converting organic material into electricity through combustion or anaerobic digestion?

<p>Biomass energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for emitting radiation as a result of the decay of atomic nuclei?

<p>Radioactive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of step-up transformers in the grid?

<p>To increase voltage for efficient transmission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of resistance in transmission lines?

<p>Increased energy loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of grid monitoring in the grid?

<p>To monitor voltage levels and prevent damage during power surges (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a power surge in the grid?

<p>Damage to sensitive electronic devices and circuits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of step-down transformers in the grid?

<p>To decrease voltage for safe residential usage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pylons in the grid?

<p>To support transmission lines, ensuring they remain elevated and secure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of transformers in the grid?

<p>To manage voltage levels throughout the grid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of power surges?

<p>Lightning strikes, faulty wiring, and the switching on or off of high-energy appliances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of surge protectors?

<p>To absorb excess voltage and safeguard appliances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is high-voltage electricity essential for transmission?

<p>To reduce energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a nuclear reactor vessel?

<p>To contain uranium fuel rods where fission reactions occur (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of nuclear power generation in terms of energy density?

<p>A small amount of fuel can produce a large amount of energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the radiation containment structure in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To prevent radiation leakage and protect workers and the environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of transformers in the national electricity grid?

<p>To change the voltage of an electric current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Fukushima-Daiichi disaster?

<p>It underscored the importance of stringent safety measures in nuclear power plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of transmission lines in the national electricity grid?

<p>To transport electricity over long distances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a power surge in the national electricity grid?

<p>A sudden increase in voltage within an electrical circuit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of nuclear power generation?

<p>It produces radioactive waste that requires secure storage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pylons in the national electricity grid?

<p>To support overhead power lines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using coal for electricity generation?

<p>It is a abundant energy source (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of steam generation in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To power the turbine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of machine is used to produce continuous power in a power station?

<p>Turbine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of combustion in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To heat the furnace (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of transmission in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To send the generated electricity to homes and businesses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of turbine operation in a coal-powered power station?

<p>Generation of electricity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of energy converted by a generator in a power station?

<p>Mechanical energy into electrical energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a power station?

<p>To generate electricity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of pulverization in a coal-powered power station?

<p>Large chunks of coal are crushed into a fine powder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for increasing the voltage in transmission lines?

<p>To reduce energy loss due to resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would happen to the electrical grid if step-down transformers failed to function?

<p>Voltage would increase in residential areas, causing damage to appliances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are power surges a concern in the electrical grid?

<p>They can cause damage to sensitive electronic devices and circuits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of hydroelectric power plants over other alternative energy sources?

<p>Higher capacity factor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of grid monitoring in the electrical grid?

<p>To monitor voltage levels and prevent damage during power surges (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To slow down nuclear reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of reducing energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines?

<p>Increased energy efficiency in transmission lines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the reactor vessel in a nuclear power plant?

<p>To contain the uranium fuel rods where fission reactions occur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of transformers in the electrical grid?

<p>To increase or decrease voltage levels as needed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of wind power as an alternative energy source?

<p>Variable wind speeds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of nuclear power generation?

<p>Production of significant greenhouse gas emissions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if step-up transformers failed to function in a power station?

<p>Voltage would decrease in transmission lines, causing energy loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Faraday disk?

<p>To convert mechanical energy to electrical energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of transformers in the national electricity grid?

<p>To change the voltage of an electric current (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of nuclear power generation over fossil fuels in terms of greenhouse gas emissions?

<p>Near-zero greenhouse gas emissions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pylons in the electrical grid?

<p>To support transmission lines, ensuring they remain elevated and secure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

<p>Release of significant greenhouse gas emissions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of using high-voltage electricity in transmission lines?

<p>Reduced energy loss due to resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the energy produced from controlled nuclear reactions?

<p>Nuclear energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of transformers in the national electricity grid?

<p>To increase the voltage of electrical current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of geothermal energy as an alternative energy source?

<p>Reliability and consistency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of pylons in the national electricity grid?

<p>To support overhead power lines that transport electricity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of surge protectors in the electrical grid?

<p>To safeguard appliances by absorbing excess voltage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major risk associated with nuclear power generation?

<p>Accidents or radiation leaks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To remove excess heat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of step-up transformers in the national electricity grid?

<p>To increase the voltage of electrical current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a sudden increase in voltage within an electrical circuit?

<p>Power surge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of biomass energy as an alternative energy source?

<p>To generate electricity from waste materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant benefit of the national electricity grid?

<p>Reliable and efficient transmission of electricity over long distances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a turbine in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

<p>It contributes to habitat destruction and health issues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of step 3 in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To boil water and generate steam (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for energy sources that are not derived from fossil fuels?

<p>Alternative energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of step 1 in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To crush large chunks of coal into a fine powder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a steam generator in a nuclear power station?

<p>To convert the heat from fission into steam (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Fukushima-Daiichi disaster in the context of nuclear power generation?

<p>It underscores the need for stringent safety measures in nuclear power plants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of nuclear power generation in terms of energy density?

<p>It has a high energy density, allowing for efficient energy production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of transformers in the national electricity grid?

<p>To change the voltage of an electric current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of radiation containment in a nuclear power station?

<p>To prevent radiation leakage and protect the environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of hydroelectric power compared to other alternative energy sources?

<p>Abundant resource availability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which nuclear fission generates energy?

<p>The release of neutrons that split atoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of wind power compared to other alternative energy sources?

<p>No emissions during operation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a portable generator?

<p>To provide backup power during outages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of solar power?

<p>Intermittent energy supply (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using high-voltage electricity in transmission lines?

<p>To increase the efficiency of transmission by reducing energy loss due to resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of step-up transformers in the grid?

<p>To increase voltage levels before transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of power surges on sensitive electronic devices and circuits?

<p>They cause damage to the devices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of grid monitoring in the national electricity grid?

<p>To detect power surges and cut off the power supply to prevent damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of step-down transformers in the grid?

<p>To decrease voltage levels before distribution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of hydroelectric power?

<p>Renewable, less pollution, and sustainable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of energy is generated from the heat of the Earth's interior?

<p>Geothermal energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus?

<p>Nuclear fusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using alternative energy sources?

<p>Reduced reliance on fossil fuels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for emitting radiation as a result of the decay of atomic nuclei?

<p>Radioactive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using nuclear power as a source of electricity?

<p>High energy density (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Fukushima-Daiichi disaster?

<p>It highlighted the importance of stringent safety measures and the potential risks associated with nuclear power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of transformers in the national electricity grid?

<p>To change the voltage of an electric current (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the network of interacting components that work together to provide electricity across a country?

<p>National Electricity Grid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a turbine in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To spin the generator, producing electricity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

<p>It leads to habitat destruction and health issues due to air pollution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the steam after pushing the turbine blades in a coal-powered power station?

<p>It is released into the atmosphere as waste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of step 3 in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To boil water to generate steam (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy source is coal?

<p>Non-renewable energy source (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of transformers in the grid?

<p>To manage voltage levels throughout the grid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for using high-voltage electricity in transmission lines?

<p>To reduce energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of step-up transformers on electricity?

<p>Increase voltage and decrease current (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of surge protectors in the grid?

<p>To absorb excess voltage during power surges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the voltage during transmission through step-down transformers?

<p>Decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of hydroelectric power?

<p>Renewable and sustainable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus?

<p>Nuclear Fusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for energy produced from controlled nuclear reactions?

<p>Nuclear Power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of wind power?

<p>Low operational costs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a portable generator?

<p>To provide power during power outages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are high-voltage electricity transmissions essential?

<p>To reduce energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do step-up transformers do to the voltage?

<p>Increase it for efficient transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of step-down transformers in the grid?

<p>To decrease voltage for safe distribution and usage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause power surges in the grid?

<p>Lightning strikes, faulty wiring, and the switching on or off of high-energy appliances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of grid monitoring in the grid?

<p>To monitor voltage levels and cut off power supply during surges (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the control rods in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To regulate the fission process by absorbing excess neutrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of nuclear power generation in terms of the environment?

<p>Low greenhouse gas emissions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

<p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major disadvantage of nuclear power generation?

<p>Radioactive waste production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of transformers in the national electricity grid?

<p>To change the voltage of an electric current (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a turbine in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is coal considered a non-renewable energy source?

<p>Because it is formed over millions of years from prehistoric vegetation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of steam generation in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To push the turbine blades (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

<p>Habitat destruction and health issues due to air pollution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of combustion in a coal-powered power station?

<p>To burn coal and produce heat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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