Gr 9 NATURAL SCIENCES: CH 3.6 SUM Energy and The National Electricity Grid
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary method of generating electricity in South Africa?

  • Converting different forms of energy into electrical energy (correct)
  • Using nuclear power
  • Burning fossil fuels
  • Using alternative energy sources

    • What is the purpose of a turbine in a power station?

  • To burn coal
  • To generate steam
  • To transmit electricity
  • To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy (correct)

    • What is the result of burning coal in a furnace?

  • Production of mechanical energy
  • Production of steam (correct)
  • Generation of electricity
  • Pulverization of coal

    • What is the definition of alternative energy?

    <p>Sources of energy that are not derived from fossil fuels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>Transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a generator?

    <p>A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pulverization in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To crush large chunks of coal into a fine powder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of energy source is coal?

    <p>Non-renewable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a power station?

    <p>A facility for the generation of electrical power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of generating electricity in a hydroelectric power plant?

    <p>Water flows through turbines, turning them to generate electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major advantage of wind power?

    <p>Low emissions during operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of generating electricity in solar power plants?

    <p>Converting sunlight into electricity through photovoltaic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a portable generator?

    <p>Hand-crank generator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of generating electricity in a nuclear power station?

    <p>Nuclear fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into two smaller nuclei?

    <p>Nuclear fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for emitting radiation as a result of the decay of atomic nuclei?

    <p>Radioactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the nuclear power station located in Cape Town, South Africa?

    <p>Koeberg Power Station</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus?

    <p>Nuclear fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy produced from controlled nuclear reactions?

    <p>Nuclear Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary fuel used in nuclear power stations?

    <p>Uranium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To absorb excess neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of nuclear power generation in terms of greenhouse gas emissions?

    <p>It produces minimal greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To ensure safe operating temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major disadvantage of nuclear power generation?

    <p>Radioactive waste production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a transformer in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To change the voltage of an electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of pylons in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To support overhead power lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of transmission lines in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To transport electricity over long distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a power surge in the national electricity grid?

    <p>A sudden increase in voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Fukushima-Daiichi disaster?

    <p>It underscores the potential risks associated with nuclear power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of transformers in the grid?

    <p>To manage voltage levels throughout the grid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is high-voltage electricity essential for transmission?

    <p>To reduce energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the voltage during transmission through step-up transformers?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a power surge?

    <p>Damage to sensitive electronic devices and circuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of surge protectors?

    <p>To safeguard appliances by absorbing excess voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do step-down transformers affect voltage levels?

    <p>Decrease voltage levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of grid monitoring?

    <p>To monitor voltage levels and cut off the power supply during a surge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of resistance in transmission lines?

    <p>Increase in energy loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs to the steam in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>It turns a turbine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the electricity after step-up transformation?

    <p>It is transmitted through power lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a generator in a power station?

    <p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pulverization in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To crush large chunks of coal into a fine powder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary energy source used for electricity generation in South Africa?

    <p>Coal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when the turbine spins in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>The generator turns, producing electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for energy sources that are not derived from fossil fuels?

    <p>Alternative energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the turbine in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To convert steam energy into mechanical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the steam after pushing the turbine blades?

    <p>It is converted back into water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of combusting coal in a furnace?

    <p>It releases heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of step 6 in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To transmit electricity to homes and businesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of turbines in a hydroelectric power plant?

    <p>To generate electricity from the potential energy of stored water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of energy source is characterized by the process of controlled nuclear reactions?

    <p>Nuclear power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power?

    <p>Renewability and lower environmental impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into two smaller nuclei?

    <p>Nuclear fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of nuclear power generation in terms of greenhouse gas emissions?

    <p>Low emissions during operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To control the rate of nuclear fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy produced from the heat of the Earth's interior?

    <p>Geothermal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of portable generators?

    <p>To generate electricity during power outages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of converting organic material into electricity through combustion or anaerobic digestion?

    <p>Biomass energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for emitting radiation as a result of the decay of atomic nuclei?

    <p>Radioactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of step-up transformers in the grid?

    <p>To increase voltage for efficient transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of resistance in transmission lines?

    <p>Increased energy loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of grid monitoring in the grid?

    <p>To monitor voltage levels and prevent damage during power surges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a power surge in the grid?

    <p>Damage to sensitive electronic devices and circuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of step-down transformers in the grid?

    <p>To decrease voltage for safe residential usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pylons in the grid?

    <p>To support transmission lines, ensuring they remain elevated and secure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of transformers in the grid?

    <p>To manage voltage levels throughout the grid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of power surges?

    <p>Lightning strikes, faulty wiring, and the switching on or off of high-energy appliances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of surge protectors?

    <p>To absorb excess voltage and safeguard appliances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is high-voltage electricity essential for transmission?

    <p>To reduce energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a nuclear reactor vessel?

    <p>To contain uranium fuel rods where fission reactions occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of nuclear power generation in terms of energy density?

    <p>A small amount of fuel can produce a large amount of energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the radiation containment structure in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To prevent radiation leakage and protect workers and the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of transformers in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To change the voltage of an electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Fukushima-Daiichi disaster?

    <p>It underscored the importance of stringent safety measures in nuclear power plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of transmission lines in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To transport electricity over long distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a power surge in the national electricity grid?

    <p>A sudden increase in voltage within an electrical circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary disadvantage of nuclear power generation?

    <p>It produces radioactive waste that requires secure storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pylons in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To support overhead power lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using coal for electricity generation?

    <p>It is a abundant energy source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of steam generation in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To power the turbine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of machine is used to produce continuous power in a power station?

    <p>Turbine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of combustion in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To heat the furnace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of transmission in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To send the generated electricity to homes and businesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of turbine operation in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>Generation of electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of energy converted by a generator in a power station?

    <p>Mechanical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a power station?

    <p>To generate electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of pulverization in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>Large chunks of coal are crushed into a fine powder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for increasing the voltage in transmission lines?

    <p>To reduce energy loss due to resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen to the electrical grid if step-down transformers failed to function?

    <p>Voltage would increase in residential areas, causing damage to appliances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are power surges a concern in the electrical grid?

    <p>They can cause damage to sensitive electronic devices and circuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of hydroelectric power plants over other alternative energy sources?

    <p>Higher capacity factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of grid monitoring in the electrical grid?

    <p>To monitor voltage levels and prevent damage during power surges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To slow down nuclear reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of reducing energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines?

    <p>Increased energy efficiency in transmission lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the reactor vessel in a nuclear power plant?

    <p>To contain the uranium fuel rods where fission reactions occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of transformers in the electrical grid?

    <p>To increase or decrease voltage levels as needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary disadvantage of wind power as an alternative energy source?

    <p>Variable wind speeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an advantage of nuclear power generation?

    <p>Production of significant greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if step-up transformers failed to function in a power station?

    <p>Voltage would decrease in transmission lines, causing energy loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a Faraday disk?

    <p>To convert mechanical energy to electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of transformers in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To change the voltage of an electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of nuclear power generation over fossil fuels in terms of greenhouse gas emissions?

    <p>Near-zero greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pylons in the electrical grid?

    <p>To support transmission lines, ensuring they remain elevated and secure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

    <p>Release of significant greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of using high-voltage electricity in transmission lines?

    <p>Reduced energy loss due to resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy produced from controlled nuclear reactions?

    <p>Nuclear energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of transformers in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To increase the voltage of electrical current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of geothermal energy as an alternative energy source?

    <p>Reliability and consistency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of pylons in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To support overhead power lines that transport electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of surge protectors in the electrical grid?

    <p>To safeguard appliances by absorbing excess voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major risk associated with nuclear power generation?

    <p>Accidents or radiation leaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To remove excess heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of step-up transformers in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To increase the voltage of electrical current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a sudden increase in voltage within an electrical circuit?

    <p>Power surge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of biomass energy as an alternative energy source?

    <p>To generate electricity from waste materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant benefit of the national electricity grid?

    <p>Reliable and efficient transmission of electricity over long distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a turbine in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

    <p>It contributes to habitat destruction and health issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of step 3 in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To boil water and generate steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for energy sources that are not derived from fossil fuels?

    <p>Alternative energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of step 1 in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To crush large chunks of coal into a fine powder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a steam generator in a nuclear power station?

    <p>To convert the heat from fission into steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Fukushima-Daiichi disaster in the context of nuclear power generation?

    <p>It underscores the need for stringent safety measures in nuclear power plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of nuclear power generation in terms of energy density?

    <p>It has a high energy density, allowing for efficient energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of transformers in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To change the voltage of an electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of radiation containment in a nuclear power station?

    <p>To prevent radiation leakage and protect the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of hydroelectric power compared to other alternative energy sources?

    <p>Abundant resource availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which nuclear fission generates energy?

    <p>The release of neutrons that split atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of wind power compared to other alternative energy sources?

    <p>No emissions during operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a portable generator?

    <p>To provide backup power during outages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary disadvantage of solar power?

    <p>Intermittent energy supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using high-voltage electricity in transmission lines?

    <p>To increase the efficiency of transmission by reducing energy loss due to resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of step-up transformers in the grid?

    <p>To increase voltage levels before transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of power surges on sensitive electronic devices and circuits?

    <p>They cause damage to the devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of grid monitoring in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To detect power surges and cut off the power supply to prevent damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of step-down transformers in the grid?

    <p>To decrease voltage levels before distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of hydroelectric power?

    <p>Renewable, less pollution, and sustainable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of energy is generated from the heat of the Earth's interior?

    <p>Geothermal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus?

    <p>Nuclear fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using alternative energy sources?

    <p>Reduced reliance on fossil fuels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for emitting radiation as a result of the decay of atomic nuclei?

    <p>Radioactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using nuclear power as a source of electricity?

    <p>High energy density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Fukushima-Daiichi disaster?

    <p>It highlighted the importance of stringent safety measures and the potential risks associated with nuclear power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of transformers in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To change the voltage of an electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the network of interacting components that work together to provide electricity across a country?

    <p>National Electricity Grid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of a turbine in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To spin the generator, producing electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

    <p>It leads to habitat destruction and health issues due to air pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the steam after pushing the turbine blades in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>It is released into the atmosphere as waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of step 3 in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To boil water to generate steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of energy source is coal?

    <p>Non-renewable energy source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of transformers in the grid?

    <p>To manage voltage levels throughout the grid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for using high-voltage electricity in transmission lines?

    <p>To reduce energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of step-up transformers on electricity?

    <p>Increase voltage and decrease current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of surge protectors in the grid?

    <p>To absorb excess voltage during power surges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the voltage during transmission through step-down transformers?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of hydroelectric power?

    <p>Renewable and sustainable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus?

    <p>Nuclear Fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for energy produced from controlled nuclear reactions?

    <p>Nuclear Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of wind power?

    <p>Low operational costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a portable generator?

    <p>To provide power during power outages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are high-voltage electricity transmissions essential?

    <p>To reduce energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do step-up transformers do to the voltage?

    <p>Increase it for efficient transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of step-down transformers in the grid?

    <p>To decrease voltage for safe distribution and usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause power surges in the grid?

    <p>Lightning strikes, faulty wiring, and the switching on or off of high-energy appliances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of grid monitoring in the grid?

    <p>To monitor voltage levels and cut off power supply during surges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the control rods in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To regulate the fission process by absorbing excess neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of nuclear power generation in terms of the environment?

    <p>Low greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major disadvantage of nuclear power generation?

    <p>Radioactive waste production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of transformers in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To change the voltage of an electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a turbine in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is coal considered a non-renewable energy source?

    <p>Because it is formed over millions of years from prehistoric vegetation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of steam generation in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To push the turbine blades</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

    <p>Habitat destruction and health issues due to air pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of combustion in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To burn coal and produce heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

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