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Questions and Answers
What is voltage?
Energy per unit of charge
What is electrical current?
Rate of flow of charge
What is resistance?
Opposition to current
An ideal current source can provide a constant current in any load.
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What are resistors designed to do?
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Which type of resistor allows its resistance value to be changed easily?
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What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
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What does a capacitor do?
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A voltage source provides electrical energy or electromotive force (emf), commonly known as _____
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Match the following switch types with their descriptions:
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Study Notes
Electrical Fundamentals
- Voltage (V): Energy per unit of charge (measured in volts).
- Current (A): Rate of flow of charge through a conductor (measured in amperes).
- Resistance (Ω): Opposition to the flow of current (measured in ohms).
Voltage and Current Sources
- Voltage Source: Provides electrical energy or electromotive force (emf), can be DC or AC.
- Current Source: Can deliver a constant current regardless of load, ideal current sources are theoretical but approximated in practice.
Resistors
- Purpose: Designed to have specific resistance values to limit current, divide voltage, or generate heat.
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Types of Resistors:
- Variable Resistors: Adjust resistance easily, including potentiometers and rheostats.
- Sensors: Thermistors (temperature-sensitive), Photoconductive cells (light-sensitive), Strain gauges (force-sensitive).
Switches
- Function: Control the opening or closing of circuits.
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Types:
- SPST (Single Pole Single Throw): Controls one circuit.
- SPDT (Single Pole Double Throw): Single pole with two output options.
- DPST (Double Pole Single Throw): Simultaneously controls two sets of contacts.
- DPDT (Double Pole Double Throw): Allows connection between one set of contacts and two others.
- NOPB (Normally Open Push-Button): Connection made only when button is pressed.
- NCPB (Normally Closed Push-Button): Connection broken when button is pressed.
- Rotary Switch: Connection made by turning a knob to one of multiple contacts.
Protective Devices
- Fuses and Circuit Breakers: Create an open circuit when current exceeds a specified level to prevent damage.
- Symbols: Specific symbols represent fuses and circuit breakers in schematics.
Grounding in Circuits
- Ground: Reference point in an electric circuit, can be Reference Ground or Chassis Ground, with designated symbols for representation.
Capacitors
- Definition: Passive electrical components that store electrical charge, characterized by capacitance.
- Construction: Composed of two parallel conductive plates separated by a dielectric material.
- Types: Includes basic, electrolytic, and variable capacitors.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the basics of electrical fundamentals, including voltage, current, resistance, and circuit components like resistors and switches. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of key concepts essential for studying electronics and electrical engineering.
