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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of a transformer?
What is the primary function of a transformer?
What is the common core material used in a transformer?
What is the common core material used in a transformer?
What is the term for a transformer that increases the voltage of an electrical signal?
What is the term for a transformer that increases the voltage of an electrical signal?
What is the term for the winding that receives energy from the supply mains?
What is the term for the winding that receives energy from the supply mains?
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What is the purpose of a step-down transformer?
What is the purpose of a step-down transformer?
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Where are transformers commonly used?
Where are transformers commonly used?
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What is one of the primary tasks performed by transformers in electrical power systems?
What is one of the primary tasks performed by transformers in electrical power systems?
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What is the purpose of changing the turns ratio of a transformer?
What is the purpose of changing the turns ratio of a transformer?
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What is the primary function of an instrument transformer?
What is the primary function of an instrument transformer?
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What is the material used to make the magnetic core of a transformer?
What is the material used to make the magnetic core of a transformer?
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What is the advantage of using silicon steel in transformer cores?
What is the advantage of using silicon steel in transformer cores?
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What is the shape of the coils used in core-type transformers?
What is the shape of the coils used in core-type transformers?
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What is the term used to describe the vertical portions of the core in a transformer?
What is the term used to describe the vertical portions of the core in a transformer?
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Why is it desirable to reduce the leakage flux in a transformer?
Why is it desirable to reduce the leakage flux in a transformer?
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Study Notes
Transformers
- A transformer is a static device that changes one voltage level to another voltage level through a magnetic field without a change in frequency.
- It consists of two or more coils of wire wrapped around a common ferromagnetic core.
Primary and Secondary Windings
- The transformer winding that receives energy from the supply mains is called the primary winding.
- The other winding that delivers electrical energy to the load is called the secondary winding.
Types of Transformers
- Step-up transformer: when the secondary winding has more turns than the primary winding, increasing the secondary voltage.
- Step-down transformer: when the secondary winding has less turns than the primary winding, decreasing the secondary voltage.
Applications of Transformers
- Used extensively in AC power systems to generate, transmit, and distribute electrical power efficiently.
- Enable voltage stepping up for transmission over long distances and stepping down for final use.
Tasks Performed by Transformers
- Change voltage and current levels in electrical power systems.
- Match source and load impedances for maximum power transfer in electronic and control circuits.
- Provide electrical isolation between circuits.
Types of Transformers (Construction)
- Core-type transformers
- Shell-type transformers
Types of Transformers (Application)
- Step-up transformers/unit transformers
- Substation transformers/step-down transmission line voltage to distribution level
- Distribution transformers/to final used voltage
- Instrument transformers/special transformers (CT, PT)
- Single-phase/three-phase transformers
Construction of Transformers
- Magnetic core made up of stacks of thin laminations (0.35mm) of cold-rolled grain-oriented silicon steel sheets lightly insulated with varnish.
- Silicon steel has low cost, low core loss, and high permeability at high flux density (1 to 1.5T).
- Primary and secondary coils are wound on the core and are electrically insulated from each other and from the core.
Core-type Winding
- Coils are wound on a circular, oval, or rectangular core.
- Coils surround a considerable part of the steel core.
- Vertical portions of the core are called limbs or legs, and the top and bottom portions are called yokes.
- Most of the flux is confined to high permeability core.
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Description
Learn about the basics of transformers, including their function, components, and types. Understand how they work and their applications.
