Electrical Currents Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the fundamental unit of matter?

  • Proton
  • Neutron
  • Atom (correct)
  • Electron

What are the components of an atom?

  • Nucleus and electrons
  • Protons and neutrons (correct)
  • Neutrons and electrons
  • Protons and electrons

Which shell is located closest to the nucleus and has the highest energy level?

  • M shell
  • N shell
  • L shell
  • K shell (correct)

Which type of radiation is responsible for producing the majority of x-rays in a dental x-ray machine?

<p>General radiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary beam of x-rays often referred to as?

<p>Useful beam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of radiation is less penetrating than primary radiation?

<p>Secondary radiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe x-radiation that has been deflected from its path by the interaction with matter?

<p>Scatter radiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which interaction accounts for 30% of the interactions of the dental x-ray beam with matter?

<p>Photoelectric effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Compton effect account for at the atomic level?

<p>62% of the scatter radiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a new, weaker x-ray photon after it undergoes Compton scatter?

<p>It interacts with other atoms until all its energy is gone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which shell requires more energy to remove an electron from, the K-shell or the M-shell?

<p>K-shell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the simplest atom?

<p>Hydrogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a molecule?

<p>Two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to an atom when it gains or loses an electron?

<p>It becomes a neutral atom (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following statements is true about wavelength and energy?

<p>The shorter the wavelength, the higher the energy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following statements is true about frequency and wavelength?

<p>Frequency and wavelength are inversely related. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following statements is true about low-frequency electromagnetic radiations?

<p>They have a long wavelength and less energy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following statements is true about high-frequency electromagnetic radiations?

<p>They have a short wavelength and more energy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of electrical current describes the flow of electrons in one direction through a conductor?

<p>Direct current (DC) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor?

<p>Amperage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one?

<p>Voltage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transformer is used to decrease the voltage from the incoming line voltage to the 3 to 5 V used by the filament circuit?

<p>Step-down transformer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which interaction accounts for most of the scatter radiation at the atomic level?

<p>Compton scatter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the interactions of the dental x-ray beam with matter does the photoelectric effect account for?

<p>30% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a new, weaker x-ray photon after it undergoes Compton scatter?

<p>It interacts with other atoms until all its energy is gone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of electrical current describes the flow of electrons in two opposite directions?

<p>Alternating current (AC) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one?

<p>Voltage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transformer is used to increase the voltage from the incoming line voltage to the 65,000 to 100,000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit?

<p>Step-up transformer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor?

<p>Amperage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of radiation is capable of producing ions by removing or adding an electron to an atom?

<p>X-rays (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are cathode rays?

<p>Streams of high-speed electrons that originate in an x-ray tube (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are protons?

<p>Accelerated particles with a mass of 1 and a charge of +1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are neutrons?

<p>Accelerated particles with a mass of 1 and no electrical charge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is true about the components of an atom?

<p>The atom consists of a central nucleus and orbiting electrons and neutrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is true about the binding energy of an electron?

<p>The binding energy is determined by the distance between the nucleus and the orbiting electron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is true about the shells of an atom?

<p>The shells are designated with the letters K, L, M, N, O, P, and Q (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following statements is true about the x-ray tubehead?

<p>The tubehead is a tightly sealed, heavy metal housing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cathode in the x-ray tube?

<p>To supply the electrons necessary to generate x-rays. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following statements is true about the anode in the x-ray tube?

<p>The anode dissipates the heat away from the tungsten target. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lead collimator in the x-ray tubehead?

<p>To restrict the size of the x-ray beam. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of radiation is responsible for producing the majority of x-rays in a dental x-ray machine?

<p>Primary radiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe x-radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter?

<p>Secondary radiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe x-radiation that has been deflected from its path by the interaction with matter?

<p>Scatter radiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the sudden stopping of high-speed electrons when they hit the tungsten target in the anode?

<p>General radiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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