Electrical Currents Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the fundamental unit of matter?

  • Proton
  • Neutron
  • Atom (correct)
  • Electron
  • What are the components of an atom?

  • Nucleus and electrons
  • Protons and neutrons (correct)
  • Neutrons and electrons
  • Protons and electrons
  • Which shell is located closest to the nucleus and has the highest energy level?

  • M shell
  • N shell
  • L shell
  • K shell (correct)
  • Which type of radiation is responsible for producing the majority of x-rays in a dental x-ray machine?

    <p>General radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary beam of x-rays often referred to as?

    <p>Useful beam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of radiation is less penetrating than primary radiation?

    <p>Secondary radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe x-radiation that has been deflected from its path by the interaction with matter?

    <p>Scatter radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which interaction accounts for 30% of the interactions of the dental x-ray beam with matter?

    <p>Photoelectric effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Compton effect account for at the atomic level?

    <p>62% of the scatter radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a new, weaker x-ray photon after it undergoes Compton scatter?

    <p>It interacts with other atoms until all its energy is gone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which shell requires more energy to remove an electron from, the K-shell or the M-shell?

    <p>K-shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the simplest atom?

    <p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a molecule?

    <p>Two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to an atom when it gains or loses an electron?

    <p>It becomes a neutral atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following statements is true about wavelength and energy?

    <p>The shorter the wavelength, the higher the energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following statements is true about frequency and wavelength?

    <p>Frequency and wavelength are inversely related.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following statements is true about low-frequency electromagnetic radiations?

    <p>They have a long wavelength and less energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following statements is true about high-frequency electromagnetic radiations?

    <p>They have a short wavelength and more energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of electrical current describes the flow of electrons in one direction through a conductor?

    <p>Direct current (DC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor?

    <p>Amperage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one?

    <p>Voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transformer is used to decrease the voltage from the incoming line voltage to the 3 to 5 V used by the filament circuit?

    <p>Step-down transformer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which interaction accounts for most of the scatter radiation at the atomic level?

    <p>Compton scatter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the interactions of the dental x-ray beam with matter does the photoelectric effect account for?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a new, weaker x-ray photon after it undergoes Compton scatter?

    <p>It interacts with other atoms until all its energy is gone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of electrical current describes the flow of electrons in two opposite directions?

    <p>Alternating current (AC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one?

    <p>Voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transformer is used to increase the voltage from the incoming line voltage to the 65,000 to 100,000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit?

    <p>Step-up transformer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor?

    <p>Amperage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of radiation is capable of producing ions by removing or adding an electron to an atom?

    <p>X-rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are cathode rays?

    <p>Streams of high-speed electrons that originate in an x-ray tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are protons?

    <p>Accelerated particles with a mass of 1 and a charge of +1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are neutrons?

    <p>Accelerated particles with a mass of 1 and no electrical charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is true about the components of an atom?

    <p>The atom consists of a central nucleus and orbiting electrons and neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is true about the binding energy of an electron?

    <p>The binding energy is determined by the distance between the nucleus and the orbiting electron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is true about the shells of an atom?

    <p>The shells are designated with the letters K, L, M, N, O, P, and Q</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following statements is true about the x-ray tubehead?

    <p>The tubehead is a tightly sealed, heavy metal housing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cathode in the x-ray tube?

    <p>To supply the electrons necessary to generate x-rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following statements is true about the anode in the x-ray tube?

    <p>The anode dissipates the heat away from the tungsten target.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the lead collimator in the x-ray tubehead?

    <p>To restrict the size of the x-ray beam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of radiation is responsible for producing the majority of x-rays in a dental x-ray machine?

    <p>Primary radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe x-radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter?

    <p>Secondary radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe x-radiation that has been deflected from its path by the interaction with matter?

    <p>Scatter radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the sudden stopping of high-speed electrons when they hit the tungsten target in the anode?

    <p>General radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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