Electrical Components: Resistors and Inductors

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Questions and Answers

What occurs when the voltage across an inductor changes suddenly?

The current becomes zero immediately.

The current through the inductor cannot change instantly. (correct)

The current adjusts instantly to the new voltage.

The inductor ceases to function.

Which law describes the inductor’s resistance to changes in current?

Coulomb's Law

Newton's Second Law of Motion

Ohm's Law

Faraday's Law of Induction (correct)

What is generated by an inductor to resist sudden variations in current?

A back electromotive force (EMF) (correct)

An inverse resistance

A forward electromotive force (EMF)

A constant voltage supply

How does an inductor react in the moment when the applied voltage suddenly changes?

It maintains the same current momentarily by creating a voltage drop. Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence how the current through an inductor gradually adjusts over time?

The inductance and magnitude of the applied voltage Signup and view all the answers

What typically happens to a capacitor when connected to an alternating current (AC)?

It charges and discharges continuously. Signup and view all the answers

Which equation best represents the relationship between capacitance (C), charge (Q), and voltage (V) in a capacitor?

C = Q/V Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of increasing capacitance in a circuit?

Ability to store more charge at the same voltage. Signup and view all the answers

How does a capacitor behave when connected to direct current (DC) over time?

It charges up and then stops allowing current to pass. Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of resistance on current according to Ohm's Law?

Increasing resistance decreases current. Signup and view all the answers

What property of inductance opposes in a circuit's behavior?

Current flow. Signup and view all the answers

In a DC circuit, how does an inductor behave after an extended period?

It behaves like a short circuit. Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measure for inductance?

Henry Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a resistor in a circuit?

To limit current Signup and view all the answers

What unit is used to measure resistance?

Ohm Signup and view all the answers

According to Ohm's Law, which equation represents the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance?

V = I * R Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the current in a circuit when resistance increases?

The current decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an inductor in an electrical circuit?

To store electrical energy as magnetic energy Signup and view all the answers

How does an inductor behave in a DC circuit after a long period?

It behaves like a short circuit Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the current through an inductor when the voltage across it changes suddenly?

It changes gradually Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a capacitor in a circuit?

To store electrical energy Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the inductor's reactance when a steady-state DC circuit is established?

It becomes zero. Signup and view all the answers

Why can't the current through an inductor change instantly when voltage changes suddenly?

Inductors resist changes in current. Signup and view all the answers

What physical law governs the inductor’s opposition to changes in current?

Faraday's Law of Induction Signup and view all the answers

What does an inductor generate to counter sudden changes in current?

Back electromotive force (EMF) Signup and view all the answers

How does an inductor momentarily respond when the voltage across it changes suddenly?

It maintains the same current momentarily. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the behavior of an inductor in a steady-state DC circuit?

It allows current to flow freely. Signup and view all the answers

What role does an inductor play when there is a sudden increase in voltage?

It attempts to keep current constant. Signup and view all the answers

In a DC circuit with a long-term steady-state, what happens to the inductor's ability to oppose current flow?

It decreases until it is zero. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Resistors

Resistors control the flow of current in an electrical circuit.
Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).
Ohm's Law states that the voltage (V) across a resistor is equal to the current (I) flowing through it multiplied by the resistance (R) (V = IR).
Increasing resistance in a circuit reduces the current flow.
Resistors can be connected in series, where the total resistance is the sum of individual resistances, or in parallel, where the reciprocal of the total resistance is the sum of the reciprocals of individual resistances.

Inductors

Inductors store energy in a magnetic field when current flows through them.
Inductance opposes changes in the current flowing through a circuit.
Inductance is measured in Henrys (H).
In a DC circuit, an inductor behaves like a short circuit after the current stabilizes.
When the voltage across an inductor changes suddenly, the current through the inductor cannot change instantaneously due to the inductor's ability to generate a counter electromotive force (EMF).

Capacitors

Capacitors store electrical energy in an electric field.
Capacitance is measured in Farads (F).
A capacitor in a DC circuit acts as an open circuit once fully charged.
Capacitors react differently to AC and DC, allowing AC to pass through but blocking DC.
The relationship between capacitance, voltage, and charge in a capacitor is given by the formula: Q = CV, where Q is the charge, C is the capacitance, and V is the voltage.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the fundamental concepts of resistors and inductors within electrical circuits. You will explore Ohm's Law, resistance measurements, and the behavior of inductors under varying conditions. Test your knowledge on how these components control current and energy flow.