Electrical Components and Symbols Quiz

Electrical Components and Symbols

• Battery is represented by two parallel lines with a longer line on one side, indicating the positive terminal.
• Switch is represented by a circle with a line extending from it.
• Resistor is represented by a zig-zag line.
• Variable Resistor is represented by a resistor symbol with an arrow through it, indicating adjustable resistance.
• LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) is represented by a square with an arrow pointing inwards, symbolizing its light sensitivity.
• Meter is represented by a circle with an 'M' inside, signifying a measurement device.
• Diode is represented by a triangle with a line, allowing current flow in one direction.
• Ammeter is represented by a circle with an 'A' inside, measuring electrical current.
• LPE LED (Light Emitting Diode) is represented by a diode symbol with an arrow and two lines, indicating light emission.
• NPN Transistor is represented by a circle with lines, acting as an amplifier or switch.
• Polarized Capacitor is represented by two parallel horizontal lines with a vertical line protruding from one, indicating a specific direction of charge flow.
• Unpolarized Capacitor is represented by two parallel horizontal lines, allowing charge flow in both directions.
• Moisture Detector is represented by a rectangle with three lines on top, indicating moisture presence.

Logic Gates

AND Gate

• Symbol: An AND gate is represented by a rectangle with inputs 'A' and 'B' and output 'AB' or 'Z', where Z=A*B.
• Truth Table:
  • If both inputs 'A' and 'B' are open, then the output 'Z' is open.
  • If one input is open and the other is closed, then the output 'Z' is closed.
  • If both inputs are closed, then the output 'Z' is closed.

OR Gate

• Symbol: An OR gate is represented by a rectangle with inputs 'A' and 'B' and output 'Z', where Z=A+B.
• Truth Table:
  • If both inputs 'A' and 'B' are open, then the output 'Z' is open.
  • If one input is open and the other is closed, then the output 'Z' is open.
  • If both inputs are closed, then the output 'Z' is closed.

Plastics

Thermosets

• Thermosets solidify permanently after heating, becoming rigid and unable to be reshaped.
• They resist high temperatures without melting.
• Ideal for strong, stable parts.

Thermoplastics

• Thermoplastics soften and become moldable when heated, allowing for reshaping and recycling.
• They can be melted and reshaped multiple times.
• They're typically softer than thermosets.

Preservation of Metals

• Corrosion: When iron or steel reacts with oxygen and water, it forms iron oxide (rust).
• Prevention:
  • Zinc coating (galvanization) is used to protect iron and steel.
  • 15,000 tons of steel are protected using this method annually.
  • Galvanized metal has a shiny, silver-grey surface.
  • This method saves -5% of the original material.
• Painting: Applying primer before painting enhances the paint's durability.

Test your knowledge of electrical components and their symbols with this quiz. From batteries to diodes, identify how each component is represented in circuit diagrams. Enhance your understanding of electrical symbols used in various applications.