Electrical Circuits and Components

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Questions and Answers

How many electrons are present in the third electron shell of a copper atom?

  • 13
  • 18 (correct)
  • 29
  • 8

Which of the following materials is classified as a semiconductor?

  • Ebonite
  • Eureka
  • Manganin
  • Germanium (correct)

What indicates the condition of a neon polarity indicator when checking an AC supply?

  • Both electrodes will glow (correct)
  • Both electrodes will be flickering
  • Only one electrode will glow
  • One electrode will glow and another will be flickering

Calculate the electrical energy consumed (in units) by a 500W lamp operating for 5 hours.

<p>2.5 unit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate resistance of a light bulb rated at 100W when connected to a 250V supply?

<p>625.00 ohm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law states that in a closed electrical circuit, the sum of voltage drops is equal to the applied voltage?

<p>Kirchhoff’s second law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two lamps, each rated 200W/240V, are connected in series across a 240V supply. What is the total power consumed by the circuit?

<p>100 W (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the total resistance (RT) when three resistors, R1, R2, and R3, are connected in parallel?

<p>RT = 1 / (1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An ohmmeter is connected across resistor 'R2', which is open-circuited. What reading will the ohmmeter display?

<p>Indicate infinite resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the diameter of a conductor is doubled, what is the effect on its resistance, assuming all other factors remain the same?

<p>Decreases to four times (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A resistor is constructed using a wire wound around a ceramic core. What type of resistor is this?

<p>Wire wound resistor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A resistor has the following color bands: Red, Blue, Orange, and Silver. What is its resistance value, considering the tolerance?

<p>26 x 10³ Ω ± 10% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the scale of an ohmmeter typically non-linear?

<p>Current is inversely proportional to resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, PAB = 500Ω, QBC = 300Ω, and SAO = 15Ω. Calculate the value of the unknown resistance 'RDC'.

<p>9 Ω (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material exhibits a negative temperature coefficient, meaning its resistance decreases as temperature increases?

<p>Mica (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What relationship between electrical quantities is defined by Ohm's Law?

<p>Current, voltage and resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a parallel circuit, the total current is 6A, and the current through resistor R1 is 4A. Calculate the current through R2 if only R1 and R2 are present.

<p>6 Ω (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does opening one branch have on a parallel circuit?

<p>No current will flow in that branch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of resistivity?

<p>ohm - metre (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of resistor is commonly used for arc quenching in circuit breakers?

<p>Varistors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A resistor has the following color bands: Red, Red, Black, Orange, and Green. What is the resistance value with tolerance?

<p>25 x 10³ ± 5% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a balanced Wheatstone bridge configuration, PAB = 400 ohms, QBC = 200 ohms, and SAD = 12 ohms. What is the value of the unknown resistance RDC?

<p>6 Ω (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the circuit shown, what is the reading on the voltmeter V, given the total voltage is 18V and it's connected across two equal resistors in series?

<p>18 V (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which application is a practical example of using a series circuit?

<p>Multiplier resistor of a voltmeter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect occurs in a series circuit if one of the resistors becomes open-circuited?

<p>Total supply voltage will appear across the opened resistor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given a circuit with a total resistance of 24 Ohms and two resistors R1= 8 Ohms and R2 = 4 Ohms in series, calculate resistance of R3 if all three are in series.

<p>12 Ohm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a circuit, if the 'ab' points are shorted, what is the likely effect on the circuit?

<p>Circuit resistance will be zero (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of a resistor whose resistance value increases with an increase in temperature?

<p>Sensistors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula correctly expresses the relationship for the quantity of electricity (Q) transferred?

<p>Current x Time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of conductance?

<p>Mho (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the change in resistance per degree centigrade (°C)?

<p>Temperature co-efficient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of meter is suitable for determining the polarity of a DC battery?

<p>Moving coil voltmeter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a series circuit with resistors R1 = 5 ohms, R2 = 10 ohms and a supply voltage of 30 volts, what is the voltage drop across resistor R2?

<p>10 volt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which application primarily utilizes a series circuit?

<p>Fuse in circuit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is commonly employed for measuring resistances in the range of 1 Ohm to 100k Ohm?

<p>Wheat stone bridge method (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the S.I. unit for indicating specific resistance?

<p>Ohm-metre (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A resistor has color bands Orange, Orange, Red and Gold. What is its resistance and tolerance?

<p>3300 ± 10% Ohm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a series-type ohmmeter circuit, what is the primary purpose of the shunt resistor ‘R2’?

<p>To adjust the zero position of the pointer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrical quantity has the most direct impact on the amount of heat generated in a conductor?

<p>Square of the current (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the cross-sectional area of a conductor is doubled, how does its resistance change?

<p>Decreases 2 times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A circuit contains resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 in series with a total supply voltage of 200V. If the voltage drops across R1, R2, and R3 are 20V, 36V, and 64V respectively, calculate the voltage drop across resistor R4.

<p>80 V (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to the resistance of a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) when the intensity of light increases?

<p>Decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula is used to calculate power in a DC circuit?

<p>Current x voltage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate hot resistance of a 200W / 250V rated lamp?

<p>312.5 Ω (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the resistance value in an open circuit?

<p>Infinity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a parallel circuit containing resistors with values of 50Ω, 220Ω, 450Ω, and 560Ω, which resistor will have the least current flowing through it?

<p>560 Ω (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate specific resistance value of copper?

<p>1.72 Micro ohm/cm³ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property is inversely proportional to the resistance of a conductor?

<p>Area of cross section (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Semiconductor Material

Germanium is a semiconductor material.

Neon Polarity Indicator in AC

In an AC supply, both electrodes of a neon polarity indicator will glow.

Kirchhoff’s Second Law

In a closed electric circuit, the applied voltage equals the sum of all voltage drops.

Equivalent Resistance in Parallel

RT = 1 / (1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3)

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Ohmmeter Reading Across Open Resistor

An open resistor indicates infinite resistance.

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Effect of Doubling Conductor Diameter

Resistance decreases to one-fourth of its original value.

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Wire Wound Resistor

A resistor with wire wound around a core.

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Why Non-Linear Ohmmeter Scale?

Ohmmeters use a non-linear scale because current is inversely proportional to resistance.

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Material with Negative Temperature Coefficient

Mica has a negative temperature coefficient.

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Quantities Related in Ohm’s Law

Ohm’s law relates current, voltage, and resistance.

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Effect of Open Branch in Parallel Circuit

In a parallel circuit, if one branch opens, no current flows in that branch.

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Unit of Resistivity

The unit of resistivity is ohm-meter.

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Resistor for Arc Quenching

Varistors are used for arc quenching protection in circuit breakers.

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Application of Series Circuit

Multiplier resistor of a voltmeter

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Effect on Opened Resistor in Series

Total supply voltage appears across it.

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Effect of Shorted Points in Circuit

If ‘ab’ points are shorted, the circuit resistance will be zero.

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Sensistors

Name of the resistor if its resistance value increase with increase in temperature

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Formula for Quantity of Electricity

The formula for Quantity of electricity (Q) is Current x Time.

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Unit of Conductance

The unit of conductance is Mho.

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Change in resistance in Ohm(Ω) per degree centigrade (°C)

Temperature co-efficient

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Meter used to test the polarity of battery?

Moving coil voltmeter is used to test the polarity of battery

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Application of Series Circuit

Fuse in circuit

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Which method is used for measuring 1 Ohm to 100K Ohm range resistance?

Wheat stone bridge method is used for measuring 1 Ohm to 100K Ohm range resistance

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What is the S.I unit of specific resistance?

Ohm-metre

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the purpose of the shunt resistor ‘R2’ used in series type Ohm meter circuit?

To adjust the zero position of the pointer

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Which electrical quantity affects the heat generated in a conductor?

Square of the current

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conductor, if its cross section area is doubled

decreases 2 times

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Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), if the intensity of light is increased

decreases

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inversely proportional to the resistance of a conductor?

Area of cross section

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Study Notes

  • There are 18 electrons in the third cell of a copper atom.
  • Germanium is a semiconductor material.
  • In a neon polarity indicator used for checking AC supply, both electrodes will glow.
  • A 500W lamp consumes 2.5 units of electrical energy in 5 hours.
  • The hot resistance of a 100W/250V rated bulb is 625.00 ohm.
  • Kirchhoff’s second law says that in a closed electric circuit, the applied voltage equals the sum of the voltage drops.
  • The total power of a circuit with two 200W/240V lamps connected in series across a 240V supply is 100 W.
  • The formula for equivalent resistance (RT) of three resistors R1, R2 & R3 in a parallel circuit is RT = 1 / (1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3).
  • An ohmmeter reads infinite resistance across an opened ‘R2’ resistor.
  • If the diameter of a conductor is doubled, its resistance value decreases to four times the original value.
  • The resistor shown in the image is a wire wound resistor.
  • From the colour coding, the resistance value of the resistor is 26 x 103 W ± 10%.
  • An ohmmeter is graduated with a non-linear scale because current is inversely proportional to resistance.
  • In a Wheatstone bridge network with PAB = 500W, QBC = 300W, SAo = 15W, the value of unknown resistance ‘RDC’ at balanced condition is 9 Ω.
  • Mica has a negative temperature co-efficient property.
  • Ohm’s law relates current, voltage, and resistance.
  • In the parallel circuit, the value of resistance ‘R2’ is 6 Ω.
  • In a parallel circuit, if one branch opens, no current will flow in that branch.
  • The unit of resistivity is ohm-metre.
  • Varistors are used for arc quenching protection in circuit breakers.
  • From the colour coding method, the value of resistance is 25 x 103 ± 5%.
  • In a Wheatstone bridge circuit, if PAB=400 ohms, QBC=200 ohms and SAD=12 ohms at balanced condition, the unknown resistance “RDC” is 6 Ω.
  • The reading of the voltmeter V is 18 V.
  • A series circuit is used in the multiplier resistor of a voltmeter.
  • If a resistor is opened in a series circuit, the total supply voltage will appear across the opened resistor.
  • The resistance value in the R3 resistor is 12 Ohm.
  • If ‘ab’ points are shorted, the circuit resistance will be zero.
  • A sensistor's resistance value increases with an increase in temperature.
  • The formula for Quantity of electricity (Q) is Current x Time.
  • The unit of conductance is Mho.
  • Temperature co-efficient defines the change in resistance in Ohm(Ω) per degree centigrade (°C).
  • A moving coil voltmeter tests the polarity of a battery.
  • The voltage drop in resistor ‘R2’ in the series circuit is 10 volt.
  • A series circuit application is a fuse in a circuit.
  • The Wheatstone bridge method measures resistance in the range of 1 Ohm to 100K Ohm.
  • The S.I unit of specific resistance is Ohm-metre.
  • The value of resistance of the resistor is 3300 ± 10% Ohm.
  • The shunt resistor ‘R2’ in a series type Ohm meter circuit is used to adjust the zero position of the pointer.
  • The heat generated in a conductor is affected by the square of the current.
  • If the cross-sectional area of a conductor is doubled, its resistance decreases 2 times.
  • The voltage drop across the resistor ‘R4’ in the circuit is 100 V.
  • The resistance of a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) decreases if the light intensity is increased.
  • The formula used to calculate the power of a DC circuit is Current x Voltage.
  • The hot resistance of a 200W / 250V rated lamp is 312.5 Ω.
  • The value of resistance in an open circuit is infinity.
  • The lowest current flows through the 560Ω resistor in a parallel circuit with resistors of 50Ω, 220Ω, 450 Ω, and 560Ω.
  • The specific resistance value of a copper conductor is 1.72 Micro ohm/cm3.
  • The area of cross section is inversely proportional to the resistance of a conductor.

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