Electric Transformer Losses
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary advantage of using an auto-transformer?

  • It allows for voltage transformation using a single winding. (correct)
  • It provides higher efficiency than a traditional transformer.
  • It enables the use of a transformer at frequencies below its normal operating range.
  • It eliminates the need for a primary and secondary winding.
  • In an auto-transformer with an adjustable tap, what is the purpose of the movable tap?

  • To provide a variable-output voltage within the transformer's range. (correct)
  • To allow the auto-transformer to operate below its normal frequency.
  • To control the frequency of the output voltage.
  • To increase the efficiency of the auto-transformer.
  • If a voltage of 200 V is applied between points B and C in the auto-transformer schematic, what voltage would be available from points A and B?

  • 100 V (correct)
  • 200 V
  • 400 V
  • 300 V
  • What voltage would be available from points A and C in the auto-transformer schematic if 200 V is applied between points B and C?

    <p>300 V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the voltage across the secondary winding and the voltage across the primary winding in an auto-transformer?

    <p>The secondary voltage has the same relationship to the primary voltage as if they were two distinct windings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about auto-transformers is correct?

    <p>Auto-transformers can only be used at frequencies above their normal operating frequency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Variac auto-transformer?

    <p>To provide a variable-output voltage within the transformer's range.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the auto-transformer schematic, if the tap is at point A, how will the secondary voltage (Es) compare to the primary voltage (Ep)?

    <p>Es will be less than Ep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the auto-transformer schematic, if the tap is at point B, how will the secondary voltage (Es) compare to the primary voltage (Ep)?

    <p>Es will be greater than Ep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of wave can be generated by processing a square wave through an integrator?

    <p>Triangular wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In electronics, how is integration achieved to generate a triangular wave?

    <p>By charging and discharging capacitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mathematical function describes one function being affected by another, as seen in integration?

    <p>Calculus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If acceleration is integrated over time, what physical quantity does it give?

    <p>Velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When an AC sinusoidal voltage is applied across a resistor, what type of current will flow?

    <p>Sine wave current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is integration achieved in mathematics?

    <p>Through the use of calculus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does an integrator process a square wave to create a triangular wave?

    <p>Through mathematical function manipulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method is used to achieve integration in electronics for generating triangular waves?

    <p>Charging and discharging capacitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which waveform has equal rise and fall times?

    <p>Triangular wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the identifying feature of a sawtooth wave?

    <p>Different rise and fall times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which waveform is generated by a simple on/off switch at low frequencies?

    <p>Square wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of wave is used as the clock signal in modern computer processors?

    <p>Square wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a simple sawtooth wave generated?

    <p>By rapidly charging and discharging a capacitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a triangular wave and a sawtooth wave?

    <p>The timing of the rise and fall periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which waveform has a smooth, continuous curve?

    <p>Sine wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum frequency of a square wave that can be generated using a simple on/off switch?

    <p>Limited by the switch speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a purely capacitive circuit, the current:

    <p>Leads the voltage by 90°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the load is purely inductive, the current will:

    <p>Lag the voltage by 90°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The amount of shift between voltage and current is referred to as:

    <p>Phase angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When an alternating current is connected across an inductor, the inductor has an effect on the circuit similar to that of a:

    <p>Resistor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about phase relationships in AC circuits?

    <p>Phase relationships depend on circuit components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a purely capacitive circuit, the phasor representing current is drawn:

    <p>90° anti-clockwise from the voltage phasor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phase angle between current and voltage if the load is purely resistive?

    <p>0°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an AC circuit with both inductive and capacitive components, the phase angle between current and voltage:

    <p>Depends on the relative values of inductance and capacitance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phase angle between the circuit current (IT) and the applied voltage in the LCR circuit?

    <p>36.85 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the phase angle calculated in a series LCR circuit?

    <p>tan θ = (VC - VL) / VR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether the phase angle of a circuit is leading or lagging in a phasor diagram?

    <p>Polarity of the X-axis voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a series LCR circuit, what does SOH-CAH-TOA help determine?

    <p>Phase angle of the applied voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the circuit current (IT) and the resistor voltage (VR) in a series LCR circuit?

    <p>IT is in phase with VR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significance does the frequency of the applied voltage have on circuit values?

    <p>Affects phase angle calculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the phase difference represented between the circuit current (IT) and the resistor voltage (VR) in a phasor diagram?

    <p>-36.85 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Tan θ play in determining the circuit's phase relationships in a series LCR circuit?

    <p>Helps find phase angle between voltages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a switch is initially closed in a circuit with an inductor and resistor connected in series to a DC power source, what happens?

    <p>There will be no current flow initially due to the inductor opposing any change in current.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the back EMF induced in the inductor after the initial instant when the switch is closed?

    <p>The back EMF reduces, allowing the current to increase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kirchhoff's voltage law, what is the relationship between the voltage drops across the inductor ($V_L$) and resistor ($V_R$) and the supply voltage ($V_s$) at any instant?

    <p>$V_L + V_R = V_s$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When inductors are connected in series, what happens to the total inductance?

    <p>The total inductance is the sum of the individual inductances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When inductors are connected in parallel, what happens to the total inductance?

    <p>The total inductance is the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual inductances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula used to calculate the total inductance of inductors connected in series?

    <p>$L_{total} = L_1 + L_2 + \ldots + L_n$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula used to calculate the total inductance of inductors connected in parallel?

    <p>$\frac{1}{L_{total}} = \frac{1}{L_1} + \frac{1}{L_2} + \ldots + \frac{1}{L_n}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If two inductors of $5$ mH and $10$ mH are connected in parallel, what is the total inductance?

    <p>$3.33$ mH</p> Signup and view all the answers

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