Electric Transformer Losses
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary advantage of using an auto-transformer?

  • It allows for voltage transformation using a single winding. (correct)
  • It provides higher efficiency than a traditional transformer.
  • It enables the use of a transformer at frequencies below its normal operating range.
  • It eliminates the need for a primary and secondary winding.

In an auto-transformer with an adjustable tap, what is the purpose of the movable tap?

  • To provide a variable-output voltage within the transformer's range. (correct)
  • To allow the auto-transformer to operate below its normal frequency.
  • To control the frequency of the output voltage.
  • To increase the efficiency of the auto-transformer.

If a voltage of 200 V is applied between points B and C in the auto-transformer schematic, what voltage would be available from points A and B?

  • 100 V (correct)
  • 200 V
  • 400 V
  • 300 V

What voltage would be available from points A and C in the auto-transformer schematic if 200 V is applied between points B and C?

<p>300 V (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the voltage across the secondary winding and the voltage across the primary winding in an auto-transformer?

<p>The secondary voltage has the same relationship to the primary voltage as if they were two distinct windings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about auto-transformers is correct?

<p>Auto-transformers can only be used at frequencies above their normal operating frequency. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Variac auto-transformer?

<p>To provide a variable-output voltage within the transformer's range. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the auto-transformer schematic, if the tap is at point A, how will the secondary voltage (Es) compare to the primary voltage (Ep)?

<p>Es will be less than Ep. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the auto-transformer schematic, if the tap is at point B, how will the secondary voltage (Es) compare to the primary voltage (Ep)?

<p>Es will be greater than Ep. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of wave can be generated by processing a square wave through an integrator?

<p>Triangular wave (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In electronics, how is integration achieved to generate a triangular wave?

<p>By charging and discharging capacitors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mathematical function describes one function being affected by another, as seen in integration?

<p>Calculus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If acceleration is integrated over time, what physical quantity does it give?

<p>Velocity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an AC sinusoidal voltage is applied across a resistor, what type of current will flow?

<p>Sine wave current (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is integration achieved in mathematics?

<p>Through the use of calculus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does an integrator process a square wave to create a triangular wave?

<p>Through mathematical function manipulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is used to achieve integration in electronics for generating triangular waves?

<p>Charging and discharging capacitors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which waveform has equal rise and fall times?

<p>Triangular wave (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the identifying feature of a sawtooth wave?

<p>Different rise and fall times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which waveform is generated by a simple on/off switch at low frequencies?

<p>Square wave (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of wave is used as the clock signal in modern computer processors?

<p>Square wave (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a simple sawtooth wave generated?

<p>By rapidly charging and discharging a capacitor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a triangular wave and a sawtooth wave?

<p>The timing of the rise and fall periods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which waveform has a smooth, continuous curve?

<p>Sine wave (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum frequency of a square wave that can be generated using a simple on/off switch?

<p>Limited by the switch speed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a purely capacitive circuit, the current:

<p>Leads the voltage by 90° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the load is purely inductive, the current will:

<p>Lag the voltage by 90° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The amount of shift between voltage and current is referred to as:

<p>Phase angle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an alternating current is connected across an inductor, the inductor has an effect on the circuit similar to that of a:

<p>Resistor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about phase relationships in AC circuits?

<p>Phase relationships depend on circuit components (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a purely capacitive circuit, the phasor representing current is drawn:

<p>90° anti-clockwise from the voltage phasor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the phase angle between current and voltage if the load is purely resistive?

<p>0° (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an AC circuit with both inductive and capacitive components, the phase angle between current and voltage:

<p>Depends on the relative values of inductance and capacitance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the phase angle between the circuit current (IT) and the applied voltage in the LCR circuit?

<p>36.85 degrees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the phase angle calculated in a series LCR circuit?

<p>tan θ = (VC - VL) / VR (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether the phase angle of a circuit is leading or lagging in a phasor diagram?

<p>Polarity of the X-axis voltage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a series LCR circuit, what does SOH-CAH-TOA help determine?

<p>Phase angle of the applied voltage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the circuit current (IT) and the resistor voltage (VR) in a series LCR circuit?

<p>IT is in phase with VR (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significance does the frequency of the applied voltage have on circuit values?

<p>Affects phase angle calculation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the phase difference represented between the circuit current (IT) and the resistor voltage (VR) in a phasor diagram?

<p>-36.85 degrees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does Tan θ play in determining the circuit's phase relationships in a series LCR circuit?

<p>Helps find phase angle between voltages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a switch is initially closed in a circuit with an inductor and resistor connected in series to a DC power source, what happens?

<p>There will be no current flow initially due to the inductor opposing any change in current. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the back EMF induced in the inductor after the initial instant when the switch is closed?

<p>The back EMF reduces, allowing the current to increase. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Kirchhoff's voltage law, what is the relationship between the voltage drops across the inductor ($V_L$) and resistor ($V_R$) and the supply voltage ($V_s$) at any instant?

<p>$V_L + V_R = V_s$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When inductors are connected in series, what happens to the total inductance?

<p>The total inductance is the sum of the individual inductances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When inductors are connected in parallel, what happens to the total inductance?

<p>The total inductance is the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual inductances. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate the total inductance of inductors connected in series?

<p>$L_{total} = L_1 + L_2 + \ldots + L_n$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate the total inductance of inductors connected in parallel?

<p>$\frac{1}{L_{total}} = \frac{1}{L_1} + \frac{1}{L_2} + \ldots + \frac{1}{L_n}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If two inductors of $5$ mH and $10$ mH are connected in parallel, what is the total inductance?

<p>$3.33$ mH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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