Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of an electric motor?
Which principle does a d.c. motor operate on?
What device is used to obtain the direction of force on the conductor in a d.c. motor?
Which component of an electric motor is responsible for rotating?
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What connects the ends of the armature coil to the split ring commutator?
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What are the split parts of a ring in an electric motor known as?
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What role do brushes play in an electric motor?
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What type of source is connected to the brushes in an electric motor?
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In an electric motor, what happens when the coil rotates?
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What configuration does the armature coil have in a d.c. motor?
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Study Notes
Electric Motors
- Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive devices like fans, washing machines, and kitchen appliances.
- A DC motor operates on the principle that an electric current through a conductor in a magnetic field generates a force, causing movement.
Operating Principle
- The direction of the force acting on the conductor is determined by Fleming's left-hand rule, providing guidance on force direction in electric motors.
Key Components
- Armature Coil: Wound around a soft iron core; allows rotation and is mounted on an axle.
- Split Ring Commutator: Consists of two split parts of a copper ring, enabling the direction of current to change.
- Brushes: Usually made from carbon or copper, press against the split rings for electrical connectivity.
- Horse-shoe Electromagnet: Provides a strong magnetic field essential for motor operation.
- DC Source: Typically a battery that supplies electrical power to the motor.
Motor Structure & Function
- The armature coil (ABCD) is positioned between the pole pieces of the horse-shoe electromagnet (N and S).
- The coil rotates about its axis when current flows through it, driven by the interaction with the magnetic field.
- Ends A and D of the armature coil are linked to split parts of the commutator (S1 and S2).
- Brushes B1 and B2 maintain contact with the split rings, allowing current to flow and enabling rotation.
- A rheostat and key manage current flow from the battery to control the speed of the motor.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of electric motors, including how they convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. You'll explore the working principle of a d.c. motor and its applications in various electric gadgets like fans and washing machines. Test your understanding of this fundamental electrical engineering concept.
