29 Questions
What is the relationship between the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus?
Increases together
What does it mean for an atom to be neutral?
Equal number of protons and electrons
Which particle is significantly lighter compared to the others in an atom?
Electron
What is the direction of a proton's electric field?
Away from the proton
According to the fundamental law of electric charges, what happens between like charges?
They repel
What force holds the atom together by attracting the electrons and protons?
Electric force
What is the characteristic of conductors in relation to the movement of electrons?
Easily allow the movement of electrons
Which type of material has electrical conductivity values between an insulator and a conductor?
Semiconductors
In metallic conductors, what is the characteristic of the positively charged nuclei?
Fixed
Which of these materials is listed as one of the best conductors of electricity in the text?
Silver
What are insulators, or dielectrics, known for?
Greater resistance to the movement of electrons
What happens to the resistance of semiconductors as their temperatures are increased?
Decreases
Which principle states that the sum of electric charges in any closed system is conserved?
Principle of Conservation of Charge
What factor determines the tendency of an atom to become negatively charged in its interaction with another element?
Electron Affinity
In which charging mechanism does contact between two objects allow the movement of charged particles?
Conduction
What is the natural unit of charge equivalent to 1.609 x 10^-19C?
Elementary Charge
Which charging mechanism is associated with the property of electron affinity?
Friction
In the periodic table of elements, electron affinity generally increases from:
$\text{Left to Right in the same period}$
What is the relationship between the electric flux through a surface and the electric field?
The electric flux equals the electric field multiplied by the area of the surface.
How is Gauss' Law related to the charge enclosed by a surface?
The charge enclosed determines the magnitude of the electric flux.
What does phi represent in Gauss' Law?
The electric flux through a surface
How is permittivity of free space denoted?
Epsilon-zero (ε0)
What does Gauss' Law state about the total electric flux out of a closed surface?
It is equal to the charge enclosed divided by the permittivity of free space.
What is the main difference between charging by conduction and charging by induction?
Charging by conduction involves direct contact while charging by induction does not.
What happens to electrons in a conducting surface when a charged object is brought near it without physical contact?
Electrons move in the conducting surface.
What is the electric field in physics?
A region where electric charges experience a force.
What is the ratio used to calculate the electric field?
Electrostatic force divided by the charge on a small positive test charge.
In which direction do the electric field and the net electrostatic force act on a positively charged object?
Both act in the same direction.
Why is it mentioned that all electric fields are defined by a small positive test charge?
It simplifies calculations and comparisons between different electric fields.
This quiz involves calculating the net electric force acting on different charges placed at specific positions. It also covers the three mechanisms of charging: friction, conduction, and induction, as well as the principle of conservation of charge and quantization of charge.
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