Electric Current Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is an electric current?

A flow of electric charge, often carried by moving electrons in a wire.

What is direct current?

  • An electric current with variable flow
  • An electric current applicable only in power supplies
  • An electric current that reverses its direction
  • An electric current that flows in one direction (correct)
  • What is alternating current?

  • An electric current that reverses direction many times a second (correct)
  • An electric current that flows in one direction
  • An electric current typical for batteries
  • An electric current with zero resistance
  • What is an electrical conductor?

    <p>A material where electric current can flow freely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is electrical insulation?

    <p>Materials that prevent electric current from flowing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does resistance determine?

    <p>How much current flows for a given voltage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a superconductor?

    <p>A material that conducts electricity with no resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is potential difference?

    <p>The difference of electrical potential between two points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is voltage?

    <p>An electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a battery?

    <p>A container that converts chemical energy into electricity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Ohm's law state?

    <p>The current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an electric circuit?

    <p>A conducting path that allows charge to flow from one terminal to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a series circuit?

    <p>A circuit with only one path for current to flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a parallel circuit?

    <p>A circuit where electricity has more than one path to travel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fuse?

    <p>An electrical device that interrupts the flow of current when overloaded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a circuit breaker?

    <p>A switch that automatically opens if the current is too high.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is grounding?

    <p>Allowing charges to move freely between the ground and a conductor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is electrical power?

    <p>The rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Electric Current

    • Electric current refers to the flow of electric charge, typically conveyed by moving electrons in a wire.
    • Can also be carried by ions in electrolytes or a combination of ions and electrons in plasma.

    Types of Current

    • Direct Current (DC): Flows steadily in one direction.
    • Alternating Current (AC): Reverses direction multiple times per second, commonly used in power supplies.

    Conductors and Insulators

    • Electrical Conductor: Materials that allow free flow of electric current (e.g., copper); insulators prevent flow, having high resistance.
    • Electrical Insulation: Materials with tightly bonded valence electrons that resist electron flow, used in electrical equipment.

    Resistance and Superconductors

    • Resistance: A property that limits current flow; higher resistance results in less current for a given voltage.
    • Superconductors: Materials that can conduct electricity without resistance, allowing indefinite current flow without energy loss.

    Voltage and Potential Difference

    • Potential Difference: The difference in electrical potential between two points in a circuit.
    • Voltage: The electromotive force or potential difference measured in volts.

    Power Sources and Circuits

    • Battery: A container with cells that convert chemical energy into electrical energy.
    • Electric Circuit: A conducting path external to the battery that enables charge flow between terminals.

    Circuit Types

    • Series Circuit: Contains a single path for current; if one component fails, the entire circuit stops.
    • Parallel Circuit: Offers multiple paths for current; if one path fails, others can still operate.

    Safety Devices

    • Fuse: A safety device that interrupts current flow during overloads to prevent damage.
    • Circuit Breaker: A switch that automatically opens to stop current flow when it exceeds safe levels.

    Grounding and Electrical Power

    • Grounding: Allows electrical charges to move freely between a conductor and the ground, enhancing safety.
    • Electrical Power: The rate of energy conversion in electrical systems, measured in watts (W).

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    Explore key concepts related to electric current with these flashcards. You'll learn about the definitions of electrical current, direct current, and alternating current. Perfect for students looking to improve their understanding of electricity.

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