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Questions and Answers
What is necessary for a net flow of charges in a conductor?
What is necessary for a net flow of charges in a conductor?
What do the negatively charged electrons leave behind when they move through a conductor?
What do the negatively charged electrons leave behind when they move through a conductor?
What does the term 'drift velocity' refer to in the context of electric current?
What does the term 'drift velocity' refer to in the context of electric current?
In the expression $dI = nA v_d e$, what does the variable 'n' represent?
In the expression $dI = nA v_d e$, what does the variable 'n' represent?
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Which of the following represents current density in a conductor?
Which of the following represents current density in a conductor?
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Study Notes
Electric Current
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Conductors contain free electrons, but without an electric field, their random motion cancels out, resulting in no net charge flow.
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Applying a voltage creates an electric field.
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This field directs negatively charged electrons in the opposite direction of the field.
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Electrons moving through a conductor create a measurable current.
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The direction of electron flow is opposite to the conventional current flow. In conventional current flow, positive charges move from the positive to the negative terminal.
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Drift velocity is the average velocity of charge carriers in the direction of the electric field.
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The quantity of charge flowing per unit time is the electric current.
Electric Current Formula
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dQ = n e dV
• dQ: change in charge • n: number density of charge carriers (electrons) • e: charge of an electron (1.6 x 10-19 C) • dV: change in volume -
dI = dQ/dt (electric current) • dI = n e vd A
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J = I/A (current density) • J = n e vd
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vd: drift velocity
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A: area of the cross-section
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of electric current, including the behavior of conductors, the role of electric fields, and the direction of electron flow. It also delves into the electric current formula and the significance of drift velocity and charge quantity. Test your understanding of these essential principles of electricity.
