Electric Circuits Basics

Electric Circuit Basics

• An electric circuit is a path in which electrons flow from a voltage or current source.
• A circuit should contain active and passive components.

Electron Flow

• Electrons always try to reach the source point with load or without load.
• The point where electrons enter an electrical circuit is called the "source" of electrons.
• The point where electrons leave an electrical circuit is called the "return" or "earth ground".

Polarity and Electron Flow

• Electron's starting source terminal and returning source terminal should not be in the same polarity.
• If electrons start from the negative terminal, then the returning terminal should be the positive terminal.
• Connecting the same terminal (negative with negative) prevents current flow.

Electrical Load

• An electrical load is a part of an electrical circuit where the circuit current path is between the source and return points.
• Example: electrical heater, where electrons start from the positive terminal, pass through the heater, and reach the negative terminal of the source.
• Load always consumes electrical energy and produces output in the form of heat energy, light, or mechanical energy.