Electric Circuits and Blood Pressure Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between blood viscosity and resistance according to Poiseuille's Equation?

  • As blood viscosity increases, resistance remains the same.
  • As blood viscosity increases, resistance fluctuates.
  • As blood viscosity increases, resistance also increases. (correct)
  • As blood viscosity increases, resistance decreases.

    • In the circulatory system, where do we observe the steepest drop in pressure?

  • In the arterioles (correct)
  • In the capillaries
  • In the arteries
  • In the veins

    • How does total resistance in a series circuit compare to the individual resistances in the circuit?

  • Total resistance is greater than individual resistances. (correct)
  • Total resistance is less than individual resistances.
  • Total resistance fluctuates compared to individual resistances.
  • Total resistance is equal to individual resistances.

    • What causes the pressure in the venous system to be low?

    <p>Compliance of blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the circulatory system do we observe pulsatile pressure?

    <p>Arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the parallel arrangement of capillaries beneficial for their function?

    <p>To allow more efficient exchange of substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of hemodynamics, what does Poiseuille's Equation describe?

    <p>The relationship between pressure, radius, and flow rate in blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences blood flow resistance according to Poiseuille's Equation?

    <p>Viscosity of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary determinant of total peripheral resistance in the circulatory system?

    <p>Mean arterial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is total peripheral resistance calculated using the cardiovascular system parameters?

    <p>(Mean arterial pressure - Right atrial pressure) / Cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in blood vessel compliance affect mean arterial pressure?

    <p>Causes an immediate decrease in mean arterial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does arteriole constriction play in regulating blood flow through circulation?

    <p>Alters vascular resistance to control blood distribution based on tissue needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation describes the relationship between flow, pressure gradient, and resistance in a vessel?

    <p>Poiseuille's Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the compliance of a highly compliant vessel?

    <p>Small pressure changes with changes in volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the circulatory system, what happens during diastole due to arterial elasticity?

    <p>Vessels recoil elastically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the transmural pressure when moving from 200% volume to ~275%, according to the text?

    <p>Transmural pressure remains low</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature characterizes the movement of blood through distensible branching tubes?

    <p>Pulsatile manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a low compliant vessel exhibit in response to changes in volume?

    <p>Large pressure changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that influences blood flow by affecting resistance and pressure gradient?

    <p>Blood vessel radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the circulatory system does blood velocity increase with diameter but less than the arterial side?

    <p>Veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What relies on peripheral resistance and cardiac output to determine its value over a complete cardiac cycle?

    <p>Mean arterial pressure (MAP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor plays a crucial role in explaining hemodynamics, especially concerning resistance and pressure gradient in blood vessels?

    <p>Vessel compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what Reynolds number (Re) threshold does turbulent flow occur in the circulatory system?

    <p>&gt; 2000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary determinant of blood flow velocity in blood vessels?

    <p>Vessel diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a change in radius affected according to the information provided?

    <p>It is magnified by a power factor of 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it beneficial to the CV system to selectively vary blood flow by changing vessel radius?

    <p>To allow for increased blood flow to different organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the circulatory system, where does the steepest pressure drop occur?

    <p>Arterioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does vessel radius affect resistance in the circulatory system?

    <p>Smaller vessels have less resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of resistance calculation method involves adding individual resistances together?

    <p>Series resistance calculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mathematical model represents total resistance calculation in parallel circuits?

    <p>$\frac{1}{RTotal} = \frac{1}{R1} + \frac{1}{R2} + \frac{1}{R3}...$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the circulatory system, which type of flow is characterized by streamlining parallel to the tube walls?

    <p>Laminar flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the critical number that must be exceeded for turbulent flow to occur in the circulatory system?

    <p>Reynolds number (Re)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT part of the Reynolds number equation for determining turbulent flow in arteries?

    <p>Blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high flow velocity on laminar flow in the circulatory system?

    <p>Converts laminar flow to turbulent flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of flow requires more energy or pressure than streamline flow?

    <p>Turbulent flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the Reynolds number (Re) exceeds a critical value in a vessel?

    <p>Turbulent flow occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation is used to calculate the Reynolds number (Re) for fluid flow?

    <p>$Re = \frac{dvρ}{ή}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

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