Elbow Physical Examination Techniques

Olecranon bursitis is characterized by swelling and tenderness of the olecranon process.

Epicondylitis is suspected when there is point tenderness at the medial epicondyle.

During elbow examination, expect pronation of 90 degrees and supination of 180 degrees when the elbow is flexed at a right angle.

Shoulder dislocation may be suspected when there are hollows in the rounding contour of both shoulders.

A winged scapula indicates injury to the nerve of the posterior serratus muscle.

The elbow joint consists of the articulation of the humerus, radius, and ulna.

The olecranon bursitis is located between the olecranon and the ulna.

The shoulder joint is the articulation between the humerus and the glenoid fossa of the clavicle.

Epicondylitis is inflammation of the biceps tendon in the elbow joint.

The elbow joint allows for pronation and supination due to the articulations between the radius and ulna at proximal and distal locations.

Hyperextension of the metatarsophalangeal joint with flexion of the toe's proximal joint is termed as hammertoe.

A flexion deformity at the proximal interphalangeal joint is known as mallet toe.

Claw toe involves hyperextension of the metatarsophalangeal joint with flexion of the toe's proximal and distal joints.

Hallux valgus refers to medial deviation of the great toe, which may lead to overlapping with the second toe.

An inflamed metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe may indicate gouty arthritis.

In rheumatoid arthritis, olecranon bursitis is a common finding.

The expected carrying angle of the arm ranges from 0 to 30 degrees.

Fusiform swelling is characteristic of Heberden nodes at the proximal interphalangeal joints.

Hyperextension of the wrist typically ranges from 30 to 90 degrees.

Bouchard nodes are usually found at the metacarpophalangeal joints.

Expect radial motion of 25 degrees and ulnar motion of 60 degrees during wrist evaluation.

A carrying angle exceeding 15 degrees is known as cubitus valgus.

Epicondylitis is suspected when there is point tenderness at the lateral epicondyle.

Olecranon bursitis is characterized by swelling and tenderness of the medial epicondyle.

A winged scapula indicates injury to the nerve of the anterior serratus muscle.

The thenar eminence is commonly referred to as Bouchard nodes.

Painful swelling of the proximal interphalangeal joints can cause spindle-shaped fingers, which are associated with the acute stage of osteoarthritis.

Cystic, round, non-tender swellings along tendon sheaths or joint capsules that are more prominent with extension may indicate ganglia.

Ulnar deviation and subluxation of metacarpophalangeal joints are unexpected findings of the hand in rheumatoid arthritis.

The range of motion of the hand should include being able to touch the thumb to each fingertip and to the base of the little finger.

Epicondylitis primarily affects the triceps tendon in the elbow joint.

Shoulder dislocation may be suspected when there is flattening in the rounding contour of both shoulders.

Olecranon bursitis is located between the olecranon and the radius.

In elbow examination, expect pronation of 90 degrees and supination of 180 degrees when the elbow is flexed at a right angle.

Epicondylitis is predominantly caused by trauma to the elbow region.

The elbow joint consists of the articulation of the humerus, radius, and ulna.

Winged scapula indicates injury to the nerve of the anterior serratus muscle.

Elbow range of motion includes pronation up to 90 degrees and supination up to 80 degrees.

The shoulder joint is formed by the articulation of the humerus and the glenoid fossa of the scapula.

Epicondylitis can be suspected when there is point tenderness at either the lateral or medial epicondyle.