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What is the purpose of determining the membrane resistance, Rm using deionized water?
What is the purpose of determining the membrane resistance, Rm using deionized water?
- To assess the interaction between membrane material and feed solution composition
- To measure the impact of different membrane areas on ultrafiltration efficiency
- To analyze the effect of pressure and feed concentration on ultrafiltration performance (correct)
- To establish the relationship between membrane resistance and feed solution velocity
Why are ultrafiltration membranes specified in terms of their 'molecular weight cut-off' (MWCO)?
Why are ultrafiltration membranes specified in terms of their 'molecular weight cut-off' (MWCO)?
- To identify the module configuration for ultrafiltration units
- To understand the size of molecules that can pass through the membrane (correct)
- To determine the range of pressure difference across the membrane
- To assess the efficiency of turbulent flow conditions in ultrafiltration
What is the significance of the cross flow configuration in ultrafiltration units?
What is the significance of the cross flow configuration in ultrafiltration units?
- It ensures a higher pressure difference across the membrane
- It maximizes the liquid permeation rate through the membrane
- It minimizes the concentration polarization at the membrane surface (correct)
- It enhances the resistance to flow of feed solution
Why is the tubular type of ultrafiltration membrane widely used?
Why is the tubular type of ultrafiltration membrane widely used?
What happens to the feed solution as it emerges from the ultrafiltration module?
What happens to the feed solution as it emerges from the ultrafiltration module?
What is the velocity range for feed solution in the ultrafiltration unit?
What is the velocity range for feed solution in the ultrafiltration unit?
What is the primary advantage of cross-flow membrane separations according to the text?
What is the primary advantage of cross-flow membrane separations according to the text?
What does the variable α represent in the context of the flux expression for most biological materials?
What does the variable α represent in the context of the flux expression for most biological materials?
What is the useful method for the effects of cross-flow removal of depositing materials as mentioned in the text?
What is the useful method for the effects of cross-flow removal of depositing materials as mentioned in the text?
What factor is introduced to describe the time dependence of filtration in cases where steady state filtration is seldom achieved?
What factor is introduced to describe the time dependence of filtration in cases where steady state filtration is seldom achieved?
What is equally important to deposition as a factor controlling flux according to the text?
What is equally important to deposition as a factor controlling flux according to the text?
What does the formation of a gel on the surface of the membrane contribute to, according to the text?
What does the formation of a gel on the surface of the membrane contribute to, according to the text?
What does the flux through the membrane depend on according to the relationship provided in the text?
What does the flux through the membrane depend on according to the relationship provided in the text?
What does $rac{ ext{d}V}{ ext{d}t}$ represent in Equation (1) for calculating flux?
What does $rac{ ext{d}V}{ ext{d}t}$ represent in Equation (1) for calculating flux?
What is represented by $k.rac{ ext{n}C_W}{C_B}$ in Equation (4) for calculating flux?
What is represented by $k.rac{ ext{n}C_W}{C_B}$ in Equation (4) for calculating flux?
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