Egyptian Healthcare System Overview

A pricing strategy where prices are set based on international comparisons, which can lead to higher prices for pharmaceuticals.

A comprehensive approach to healthcare that aims to provide essential health services for all citizens.

A process of evaluating the cost-effectiveness of new health technologies, including pharmaceuticals and medical equipment.

An organization in Egypt responsible for managing the procurement and supply of pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, and other medical supplies for public healthcare bodies.

A regulatory body in Egypt responsible for registering, licensing, inspecting and supervising pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and medical equipment, and setting public prices for new technologies.

A mechanism to reduce healthcare costs by negotiating prices and ensuring efficient use of resources.

A strategy to identify and prioritize disease areas where new technologies can have the greatest impact.

A pharmaceutical product that is the first of its kind in a particular therapeutic area.

The Egyptian healthcare system is a mixture of public and private providers, funded by various mechanisms. It aims to provide universal health coverage, restructuring healthcare access and financing.

The Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) is the primary entity in Egypt's public health sector, managing both funding and provision of subsidized healthcare services.

The Health Insurance Organization (HIO) is an independent organization under the MOHP's supervision, providing compulsory insurance to formal sector employees, managing both financing and provider services.

The Universal Health Insurance (UHI) system aims to ensure equitable access to healthcare for all Egyptians by restructuring the system and minimizing out-of-pocket payments.

The Universal Health Insurance Agency (UHIA) will purchase services, manage funds, and provide health services to private insurance beneficiaries.

The General Authority of Health Care (GAHC) will deliver primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare services, report to the MOHP, and optimize integrated care across the system.

The General Authority for Healthcare Accreditation and Regulation (GAHAR) is the regulatory body, setting standards for healthcare quality, processes, and patient outcomes.

The UHI scheme aims to shift away from a merged payer-provider system and towards a more decentralized approach, with greater involvement of private providers.

The process of evaluating the value of a healthcare intervention based on its effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness. It helps inform decision-making for reimbursement, procurement, and pricing of healthcare technologies.

In HTA, a value dossier is a document submitted by companies to provide information about their healthcare product's clinical effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness. It is used to support reimbursement and pricing decisions.

A panel of experts, including health economists, clinical researchers, and topic experts, who evaluate the evidence submitted in a value dossier. Their recommendations influence pricing, reimbursement, and adoption decisions.

A significant challenge to HTA implementation in Egypt, where there is a shortage of trained HTA professionals, particularly within relevant institutions. Limited postgraduate courses and collaboration opportunities exacerbate the situation.

Transparency and clarity surrounding the HTA process are vital for building trust among stakeholders, including the public. Open communication about decision-making and processes encourages community support.

UHIA oversees the budget impact analysis based on its covered population, while UPA performs cost-effectiveness assessments. This collaboration ensures that HTA considerations align with the specific healthcare needs and budget constraints of the Egyptian healthcare system.

A major hurdle to HTA implementation in Egypt, as the process has not been fully finalized and publicly disseminated. This lack of clarity hinders stakeholder engagement and participation in the process.

Price negotiations take into account HTA recommendations, budget impact, and other factors, aiming to find a balance between value and affordability. This process ensures responsible resource allocation and sustainable healthcare system development.

The process of assessing the cost-effectiveness and value of new health technologies, including pharmaceuticals and medical devices.

The stage in HTA reform where a country focuses on building awareness and defining its HTA policies, often by studying successful examples.

The stage where a country develops formal processes for HTA, even if starting simple and adapting as needed.

Ensuring that HTA reports and processes are based on solid evidence and are transparent to all stakeholders.

The Egyptian authority responsible for managing the procurement and supply of medical resources for public healthcare.

One of the challenges in HTA implementation, where different stakeholders may have conflicting expectations about the role of the UPA process.

Ensuring the sustainability of HTA by minimizing dependence on private funding and reducing conflicts of interest.

Facilitating market access for new technologies after HTA review, providing capacity building for stakeholders, and offering financial assistance.