45 Questions
What is a possible effect of wearing wet gloves for a prolonged period under cold conditions?
Affected hands
What can cause painful cramps in the most commonly worked muscles?
Heavy sweating from exercise
What is a characteristic of a rash caused by a hot, humid environment?
Red bumpy rash with severe itching
When can the onset of painful cramps occur?
Immediately or delayed
What is a possible cause of plugged sweat glands?
Hot, humid environment
What is a common location where painful cramps can occur?
In the most commonly worked muscles (arms, legs, abdominals)
What is a possible effect of heavy sweating from exercise?
Painful cramps in the most commonly worked muscles
What is a characteristic of a hot, humid environment?
Hot, humid
What can cause a red bumpy rash with severe itching?
Hot, humid environment
What is a potential effect of skin contact with the gas?
Stinging pain and redness of the skin
What is the primary effect of high altitude on the human body?
Decreased oxygen content in the air
What is the threshold for immediate danger to life and health?
>100 ppm
What is the recommended action when dealing with a serious ammonia leak or spill?
Use a water spray or fog to reduce the gas cloud
What is a characteristic of sulphur dioxide?
It has irritating qualities
What is the primary concern at high temperatures with low humidity?
Blistering effect of heat
What is a potential hazard of methane in a mine during rescue operations?
It causes explosions
What is a characteristic of carbon monoxide?
It is always present at the time of a fire
What is the recommended action when dealing with a leaking ammonia cylinder?
Mark the cylinder DEFECTIVE and move it to an exhaust hood or safe outdoor area
What is the effect of high temperatures with high humidity?
Considerable discomfort and enervation
What is oxygen deficiency caused by?
The consumption of oxygen by combustion or chemical reaction
What is a potential source of gas in mines?
All of the above
What is a potential effect of contact with eyes?
Severe burns
What is the recommended action when dealing with a gas leak in a mine?
Isolate the area until the gas has dispersed
What is a warning sign of methane presence?
The presence of hydrogen sulphide
What is the primary risk associated with the use of diesel motors underground?
Gas release from the motor
What is a characteristic of explosive gases and smoke?
They obstruct vision
What is the recommended action when dealing with a leaking cylinder that cannot be repaired?
Mark the cylinder DEFECTIVE and dispose of it properly
What is the minimum percentage of oxygen required in the air for the unit to function?
19.5%
What happens when the unit is exposed to higher levels of carbon monoxide?
It generates heat, thereby shortening the unit's duration
What is the purpose of the heat exchanger in the breathing tube?
To cool the air before inhalation
What is the reaction that produces heat in the unit?
The reaction between potassium superoxide and moisture from the exhaled breath
What is the purpose of the quick start system?
To cover the immediate oxygen requirements of the user until the chemical of the canister becomes activated
What is the maximum humidity level in which the unit can function?
95%
What is the service life of the unit when properly stored?
10 years
What is the purpose of the regulator in the backpack assembly?
To reduce the cylinder pressure to flow and pressure levels required for inhalation
What is the purpose of the facepiece (mask) in the backpack assembly?
To provide some protection from facial burns and contact of smoke and fire gases with the eyes
What is the main composition of toxic smoke?
Various gases produced during combustion
What is the significance of rollover in a fire?
It is visible during the growth stage of a fire
What is the rating of a fire extinguishing agent marked as 4A 60B C?
It is equivalent to 5 U.S. gallons of water and can extinguish 60 ft² of Class B fire
What does the 'C' in the rating 4A 60B C stand for?
Non-conductive agent
During which stage of a fire is dense black smoke typically visible?
Growth stage
What is the significance of smoke emanating under pressure from cracks around windows or doors?
It indicates the fire is spreading rapidly
What is the color of the smoke during the decay stage of a fire?
Grey-yellow
What is the rating of a fire extinguishing agent marked as 10A 80B C?
It is equivalent to 12.5 U.S. gallons of water and can extinguish 80 ft² of Class B fire
What is the significance of smoke-stained or blackened windows?
It indicates the fire has produced toxic gases
Study Notes
Hazards of Working in Confined Spaces
- Wearing wet gloves for a prolonged period under cold conditions can affect hands
- Hot and humid environments can cause red, bumpy rashes with severe itching
- Plugged sweat glands can lead to skin issues
Gas Hazards in Mining
- Air gas mixture can be hazardous due to blasting, mine fires, diffusion of gases, and decay of mine timber
- Methane and radon can diffuse from ore or country rock
- Gas can be released from thermal water, including carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide
- Diesel motors and absorption of oxygen by water can also contribute to gas hazards
Effects of Altitude, Humidity, and Temperature
- High altitude can cause breathing difficulties due to low oxygen content
- High temperatures with high humidity can be enervating and cause discomfort
- High temperatures with low humidity can cause blistering effects
Acetylene and Ammonia Hazards
- Acetylene can cause fires and explosions
- Ammonia can cause skin burns, stinging pain, and redness
- Ammonia contact with eyes can cause mild irritation to severe burns
Gas Exposure Limits
- 100 ppm of ammonia is immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH)
Fire Hazards in Mining
- Carbon monoxide can be present in fires and give little warning
- Oxygen deficiency can occur due to combustion or chemical reactions
- Explosive gases and smoke can irritate and obstruct vision
- Methane can cause explosions and fires
- Sulphur dioxide can be present in fires in sulphide ore bodies and give advance warning
- Other gases like hydrogen sulphide, nitrous oxides, and hydrogen cyanide can also be present
Respiratory Protection
- Respirators must provide at least 19.5% oxygen in the air
- They must function in environments with no more than 95% humidity
- They must protect against 1% carbon monoxide for one hour
- They must generate heat when exposed to higher levels of carbon monoxide
- They must have a service life of 10 years and a shelf life of 15 years
Types of Respiratory Protection
- Dräger PSS BG4
- Bio Marine BioPak 240R
Fire Stages
- Incipient stage: fire is just starting
- Growth stage: fire is spreading
- Fully Developed stage: fire is intense and spreading quickly
- Decay stage: fire is burning out
Fire Characteristics
- Dense black smoke indicates a growing fire
- Fire gases filling the fire area indicate a growing fire
- Rollover is visible in a growing fire
- Little or no visible flame in a fully developed fire
- Smoke emanating under pressure from cracks indicates a growing fire
Extinguishing Agents
- 4A 60B C rating indicates an agent can extinguish 60 ft² of Class B fire
- 10A 80B C rating indicates an agent can extinguish 80 ft² of Class B fire
This quiz explores the consequences of wearing wet gloves for an extended period. It covers the impact on hand health and related issues.
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