Effective Language Use in Communication

Using Language

• Language does not simply describe reality; it helps create our sense of reality.
• Words used to describe an event influence how we respond to it.
• The meanings of words are either denotative (precise, literal, objective) or connotative (suggestive, implied, subjective).
• Words are tools, like a carpenter's tools. The right word will achieve the desired result.
• Good speakers use language accurately, clearly, vividly, appropriately, and inclusively; they understand both the obvious and subtle meanings of words.

Using Language Accurately

• Using accurate language is as important to a speaker as using numbers to an accountant.
• Using the correct word is crucial, as using the wrong word can damage credibility and effectiveness.
• Speakers should choose familiar words over obscure terms, abstract concepts.

Using Language Clearly

• Listeners cannot look up words or reread, as readers can.
• Clear speech hinges on immediate comprehensibility and avoiding ambiguity.
• Clear speech uses familiar words and concrete language over abstract language; this creates vivid mental images and is easily understood by the audience.
• Avoid jargon or overly complex expressions.

Using Language Vividly

• Vivid language uses imagery to make the speech more memorable and engrossing.
• Words paint pictures, evoke sound, touch, smell, and taste.
• Similes and metaphors can enhance the speech's impact and create mental images in the listener's mind.

Using Language Appropriately

• Language appropriateness varies based on occasion, audience, topic, or speaker.
• Formal versus informal language.
• Avoiding language that may offend or alienate the audience.
• Using language suitable to the subject matter.
• Fitting the language to the specific event or topic.

Inclusive Language

• Language should be respectful of the diversity of the audience.
• Avoid stereotypical or discriminating language about gender, race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or other factors.
• Using inclusive language is important in modern society.