Effective Instruction Guidelines

Questions and Answers

What are some guidelines for establishing classroom rules?

Promote safety, create a positive learning environment, support teacher's sanity, have few rules, make guidelines positive, and keep them short and brief.

What are routines and procedures and when should they be established?

Routines and procedures are regular activities that need to be taught and reviewed during the initial weeks of school.

What is unison responding?

Unison responding is a type of responding that involves all students responding together.

Why is unison responding favored over asking individual children questions?

It increases the number of responses given by each student and enhances on-task behavior and academic attainment. Signup and view all the answers

What is choral responding?

Choral responding is a type of responding that involves all students responding in unison, especially effective for practicing factual information. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of auditory signals?

A tap, clap, or snap along with saying 'everyone'. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of visual hand signals?

Raising the hand, pointing, clapping, snapping, or tapping. Signup and view all the answers

When would you use an auditory vs. visual hand signal in instruction?

Use auditory signals to direct students to repeat responses, and visual signals when students are looking directly at you. Signup and view all the answers

What variables should be taken into consideration when gauging how long 'think time' should be?

Consider if students can write down ideas or repeat them, and whether the material is novel or mastered. Signup and view all the answers

Give examples of think/pair/share.

Thinking about a story, pairing with a classmate, and sharing information. Signup and view all the answers

Give examples of think and write/pair and write/share.

Brainstorming ideas, pairing to discuss those ideas, and writing them down. Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of the pause procedure.

When a teacher explains material for twelve minutes and then pauses for two minutes to allow students to practice in pairs. Signup and view all the answers

Give examples of study/tell/help/check.

Students study notes briefly, tell partners about the topic, ask questions, and then check answers. Signup and view all the answers

What are the guidelines for determining if you should seek volunteers to answer a question in class?

Don't invite volunteers for information-based answers; request volunteers for experiential background answers. Signup and view all the answers

When you call on someone in class, how can you use partners first?

Have students share their responses with partners before sharing with the class. Signup and view all the answers

When you call on someone in class, how can you use question first?

By frequently asking questions throughout the lesson. Signup and view all the answers

How can you use whip around or pass?

Go down aisles or rows asking students to answer questions, passing if their answer has already been mentioned. Signup and view all the answers

What are response cards, and how are they used?

Cards with a limited set of answers used after teacher’s questions. Signup and view all the answers

What are ways children can read aloud during instruction?

By touching or pointing at specific words or letters. Signup and view all the answers

State the rules for giving good corrective feedback.

Provide immediate, specific corrections while focusing on correct answers. Signup and view all the answers

State the guidelines for providing praise.

Praise contingent on behavior, be specific, focus on effort and achievement, and ensure it is genuine. Signup and view all the answers

Define 'active student response.'

'Active student response' involves choral responding and using response cards during group instruction. Signup and view all the answers

How is active student response different from on-task behavior?

Active student response requires students to listen and respond, while on-task behavior may simply involve orienting to the instructor. Signup and view all the answers

According to Heward et al., what is the most common strategy teachers use to promote active student responding during group instruction?

Response cards. Signup and view all the answers

What is the major limitation of using response cards?

Some response cards may have a higher rate of errors and lower response rates. Signup and view all the answers

Why is increased active student response important during group instruction?

It helps students learn more, receive immediate feedback, and increases on-task behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What are response cards and what are some advantages to using response cards over typical strategies?

Response cards allow all students to respond simultaneously, unlike calling on one student at a time. Signup and view all the answers

What are response cards and what are some advantages to using response cards over choral responding?

Using response cards can lead to fewer errors because students may not know the correct answer in choral responding. Signup and view all the answers

Give examples of preprinted response cards.

Yes/True and False/No cards, traffic signs. Signup and view all the answers

What are some advantages and disadvantages of preprinted response cards?

Advantages include high ASR rates; disadvantages include limited responses. Signup and view all the answers

Given these advantages and disadvantages, when would you elect to use preprinted response cards?

When students need to provide short generic answers like yes or no. Signup and view all the answers

What are write-on response cards?

Cards that allow students to write their answers onto a blank card or board. Signup and view all the answers

What are some advantages and disadvantages of write-on response cards?

Advantages include multiple correct answers; disadvantages include lower ASR rates. Signup and view all the answers

Given these advantages and disadvantages, when would you elect to use write-on response cards?

When students need to provide a complex answer. Signup and view all the answers

Give examples of how you could use response cards as part of a lesson on a given topic.

During math review and language arts lessons for identifying parts of speech. Signup and view all the answers

What are partner responses?

Responses shared between students during which they receive feedback about their ideas. Signup and view all the answers

Give examples of numbered heads together.

Students pose questions after a lecture and work together on a project. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Guidelines for Establishing Classroom Rules

Promote safety and a positive learning environment to support teachers and students.
Favor a limited number of clear and enforceable rules over many.
Rules should be stated positively to encourage desired behavior.
Keep rules concise and straightforward for better retention.

Routines and Procedures

Routines are regular activities clearly taught and reviewed, ensuring smooth classroom management.
Establishing procedures during the initial weeks increases appropriate behavior and reduces chaos.

Unison and Choral Responding

Unison responding involves all students participating together, enhancing engagement.
Choral responding is effective for practicing factual information, adaptable across grades and subjects, fostering increased student responses.

Auditory and Visual Signals

Auditory signals (e.g., claps, taps) direct students to repeat responses, useful for capturing attention.
Visual signals (e.g., hand-raising) are best used when students are already focused and looking at the instructor.

Think Time

Consider students' ability to articulate ideas and the novelty of the material when determining think time.
Adjust the length of response time based on individual and collective needs.

Student Engagement Techniques

'Think-Pair-Share': Students think, discuss with a partner, and then share with the class.
'Pause Procedure': A teaching method that includes a break for collaborative problem-solving after instructional periods.
'Study/Tell/Help/Check': Students study notes, explain concepts to partners, ask questions, and verify answers by consulting notes.

Questioning Strategies

Avoid seeking volunteers when all students are expected to know the correct answer.
Use 'partners first' to encourage discussion before calling on individual students to share.
'Whip around' or pass allows rapid questioning across rows or groups, enhancing participation.

Active Student Response (ASR)

ASR promotes engagement through techniques like response cards, which provide immediate feedback and enhance learning.
Active response differs from on-task behavior as it requires listening and direct participation.

Response Cards

Response cards allow simultaneous responses from students, improving engagement over traditional calling methods.
Preprinted response cards (e.g., True/False) are easy to manage but limit responses to predetermined options.
Write-on cards offer flexibility for complex answers but may lead to higher error rates and lower response rates.

Utilizing Response Cards

Use preprinted cards for simple answers and write-on cards for detailed responses.
Applications include math reviews or language arts lessons, allowing students to display comprehension effectively.

Partner Responses

Encourage peer feedback and interaction through partner responses, facilitating collaborative learning.
'Numbered Heads Together' involves students discussing and answering questions as pairs or small groups to reinforce learning.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the essential guidelines for establishing classroom rules. It emphasizes creating a safe and positive learning environment while ensuring simplicity in the rules. Test your understanding of effective classroom management techniques!