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Questions and Answers
What is a comminuted fracture?
What is a comminuted fracture?
Why is a bone fracture painful?
Why is a bone fracture painful?
What medical condition weakens the bones and can result in a pathologic fracture?
What medical condition weakens the bones and can result in a pathologic fracture?
What is the condition that may require amputation of the affected limb if not treated?
What is the condition that may require amputation of the affected limb if not treated?
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What is a possible cause of bone fracture?
What is a possible cause of bone fracture?
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What may evoke pressure pain in a bone fracture?
What may evoke pressure pain in a bone fracture?
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What is a symptom of a severe bone fracture?
What is a symptom of a severe bone fracture?
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What is a possible consequence of a bone fracture?
What is a possible consequence of a bone fracture?
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What is the term for a fracture resulting from a medical condition that weakens the bones?
What is the term for a fracture resulting from a medical condition that weakens the bones?
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What may cause a bone fracture in more severe cases?
What may cause a bone fracture in more severe cases?
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Which type of fracture involves a collapse of a vertebra, often in the form of wedge fractures due to larger compression anteriorly?
Which type of fracture involves a collapse of a vertebra, often in the form of wedge fractures due to larger compression anteriorly?
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What type of fracture involves a fracture of the radial head with concomitant dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint with disruption of the interosseous membrane?
What type of fracture involves a fracture of the radial head with concomitant dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint with disruption of the interosseous membrane?
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What is a subtype of a humerus fracture?
What is a subtype of a humerus fracture?
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Which fracture involves facial fractures involving the maxillary bone and surrounding structures in a usually bilateral and either horizontal, pyramidal, or transverse way?
Which fracture involves facial fractures involving the maxillary bone and surrounding structures in a usually bilateral and either horizontal, pyramidal, or transverse way?
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What type of fracture is characterized by a fracture through the spinous process of a vertebra occurring at any of the lower cervical or upper thoracic vertebrae?
What type of fracture is characterized by a fracture through the spinous process of a vertebra occurring at any of the lower cervical or upper thoracic vertebrae?
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Which fracture results in entrapment of the radial nerve and occurs in the distal third of the humerus?
Which fracture results in entrapment of the radial nerve and occurs in the distal third of the humerus?
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What is a fracture of the walls or floor of the orbit called?
What is a fracture of the walls or floor of the orbit called?
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Which fracture involves a fracture of the olecranon with an associated anterior dislocation of the radial head?
Which fracture involves a fracture of the olecranon with an associated anterior dislocation of the radial head?
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What is a fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with the dislocation of the head of the radius called?
What is a fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with the dislocation of the head of the radius called?
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Which fracture involves an unstable fracture dislocation of the thoraco lumbar junction of the spine?
Which fracture involves an unstable fracture dislocation of the thoraco lumbar junction of the spine?
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What is the term for a fracture that occurs through a bone weakened by some underlying disease?
What is the term for a fracture that occurs through a bone weakened by some underlying disease?
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What is the term for a fracture that involves wounds communicating with the fracture, exposing the bone to contamination?
What is the term for a fracture that involves wounds communicating with the fracture, exposing the bone to contamination?
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What type of fracture occurs when bone fragments are driven into each other?
What type of fracture occurs when bone fragments are driven into each other?
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What is the term for a fracture that is parallel to the bone's long axis?
What is the term for a fracture that is parallel to the bone's long axis?
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Which factor hinders the process of bone healing?
Which factor hinders the process of bone healing?
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What is the term for a fracture that is at a right angle to the bone's long axis?
What is the term for a fracture that is at a right angle to the bone's long axis?
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What is the term for a fracture that is diagonal to a bone's long axis (more than 30°)?
What is the term for a fracture that is diagonal to a bone's long axis (more than 30°)?
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What is the term for a fracture where a fragment of bone is separated from the main mass?
What is the term for a fracture where a fragment of bone is separated from the main mass?
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What is the term for a fracture that is caused when the front portion of a vertebra in the spine collapses due to osteoporosis?
What is the term for a fracture that is caused when the front portion of a vertebra in the spine collapses due to osteoporosis?
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What is the term for a fracture in which the overlying skin is intact?
What is the term for a fracture in which the overlying skin is intact?
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What is the term for the process where the collagen matrix is mineralized and transformed into bone?
What is the term for the process where the collagen matrix is mineralized and transformed into bone?
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What is the term for a fracture where the bone heals deformed?
What is the term for a fracture where the bone heals deformed?
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What is the term for a fracture complication where the bone fails to heal?
What is the term for a fracture complication where the bone fails to heal?
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What type of fractures are classified based on displacement, fracture pattern, and fragments?
What type of fractures are classified based on displacement, fracture pattern, and fragments?
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What type of fractures involve traumatic, pathologic, and periprosthetic mechanisms?
What type of fractures involve traumatic, pathologic, and periprosthetic mechanisms?
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What type of fractures are classified based on soft-tissue involvement?
What type of fractures are classified based on soft-tissue involvement?
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What hinders bone healing and increases fracture risk?
What hinders bone healing and increases fracture risk?
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What aids the fracture healing process?
What aids the fracture healing process?
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What is the term for the classification of fractures as immediate, early, and late based on time of occurrence?
What is the term for the classification of fractures as immediate, early, and late based on time of occurrence?
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What is the term for the process involving the growth of blood vessels and collagen production?
What is the term for the process involving the growth of blood vessels and collagen production?
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What is the most common type of soft-tissue involvement in fractures?
What is the most common type of soft-tissue involvement in fractures?
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Which type of fracture pattern is often seen in a twisting injury?
Which type of fracture pattern is often seen in a twisting injury?
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What is the most common cause of malrotation after fractures?
What is the most common cause of malrotation after fractures?
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Which type of fracture is characterized by a collapse of a vertebra?
Which type of fracture is characterized by a collapse of a vertebra?
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Which classification system categorizes fracture complications into immediate, early, and late occurrences?
Which classification system categorizes fracture complications into immediate, early, and late occurrences?
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What is the initial step in the fracture healing process?
What is the initial step in the fracture healing process?
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Which type of fracture is common in osteoporotic bones?
Which type of fracture is common in osteoporotic bones?
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What is the term for a fracture occurring at the lower cervical or upper thoracic vertebrae?
What is the term for a fracture occurring at the lower cervical or upper thoracic vertebrae?
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What is the most common mechanism of fractures resulting from a fall or collision?
What is the most common mechanism of fractures resulting from a fall or collision?
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Study Notes
Bone Fractures: Complications, Pathophysiology, Effects of Smoking, Diagnosis, and Classification
- Complications of fractures include non-union and malunion
- Malrotation of a bone is common after femoral and tibial fractures
- Fracture complications are classified into immediate, early, and late occurrences
- Fracture healing process involves formation of fracture hematoma, blood clot, and collagen matrix
- Bone healing process includes mineralization of collagen matrix and remodelling into mature bone
- Factors affecting bone healing process include tobacco smoking, nutrition, and weight-bearing stress
- Smoking delays bone healing and increases the risk of fractures
- Diagnosis of bone fractures involves history, physical examination, and radiographic imaging
- Fractures can be classified as stable or unstable, and based on mechanism, soft-tissue involvement, displacement, fracture pattern, and fragments
- Mechanisms of fractures include traumatic, pathologic, and periprosthetic fractures
- Soft-tissue involvement in fractures can be closed/simple or open/compound
- Fracture patterns include linear, transverse, oblique, spiral, compression, impacted, and avulsion fractures
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Description
Test your knowledge on bone fracture complications, healing process, effects of smoking, and classification of fractures. Learn about the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and classification of bone fractures.
