EEG Medical Terminology
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Questions and Answers

What is Electrocorticography?

  • Recording of brain activity using non-invasive methods
  • Recording electrical activity from the surface of the cerebral cortex (correct)
  • A type of brain surgery
  • A method using electrical stimulation on the brain

    • What does frequency refer to?

    Cycles per second

    What are cycles in EEG?

    A complete series of changes undergone by a wave or complex

    What is another term for cycles per second?

    <p>Hertz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What frequency range does the alpha band cover?

    <p>8-13 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the beta band in EEG?

    <p>Frequencies above 13 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What frequency range does the delta band include?

    <p>Less than 4 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What frequency range does the theta band cover?

    <p>4 Hz to less than 8 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does topography refer to in EEG?

    <p>Distribution of a pattern or waveform over the surface of the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does anterior mean?

    <p>At or near the front</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does posterior mean?

    <p>At or near the back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ventral refer to?

    <p>Front</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does dorsal refer to?

    <p>Back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does frontal mean in anatomical terms?

    <p>Situated in or arising from the front</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does central refer to in brain anatomy?

    <p>Situated around the central sulcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the temporal lobe?

    <p>Situated in or arising from the temporal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the parietal lobe's anatomical position?

    <p>Posterior to the central area and superior to the occipital area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the occipital lobe?

    <p>Processing of vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a complex waveform?

    <p>More than one frequency and morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is paroxysmal slowing also known as?

    <p>FIRDA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does electrodecremental refer to?

    <p>Sudden loss of amplitude with a return to the previous pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does attenuation mean in EEG terminology?

    <p>Reduction in amplitude of EEG activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does lateralized mean?

    <p>Occurring only in one hemisphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does bilateral mean?

    <p>Occurring over both hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does contralateral mean?

    <p>Relating to the opposite side of the head or body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does focal mean in EEG?

    <p>Localized to one specific area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does multifocal mean?

    <p>Having several independent foci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does generalized mean in EEG terms?

    <p>Occurring simultaneously throughout the recording electrodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a montage in EEG context?

    <p>An organized combination of electrode derivations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a derivation in EEG?

    <p>One set of 2 electrodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a dipole represent?

    <p>Two equal and opposite charged poles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a horizontal dipole?

    <p>Record both positive and negative ends of a generator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sagittal mean?

    <p>Divides a human body into right and left halves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does parasagittal mean in EEG?

    <p>Two planes running front to back on either side of the midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does transverse refer to?

    <p>Going across the head from left to right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vertex in EEG?

    <p>The very top or highest point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does background activity signify in EEG?

    <p>Normal patterns during resting asymptomatic periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an artifact in EEG recordings?

    <p>Potential difference recorded due to extra cerebral source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do PLEDS represent?

    <p>Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    EEG Medical Terminology

    • Electrocorticography: Involves direct recording of electrical activity from the cerebral cortex using implanted electrodes during or after surgery.

    • Frequency: Measured in Hertz (Hz), denoting the number of complete cycles of repetitive waves per second.

    • Cycles: Defined as a complete sequence of changes in a wave or complex before it repeats.

    • Cycles per second: Another term for frequency, commonly referred to as Hertz (Hz).

    Frequency Bands

    • Alpha: Frequency band in EEG between 8-13 Hz, associated with relaxed wakefulness.

    • Beta: Faster EEG frequency band above 13 Hz, linked to alertness and active thinking.

    • Delta: Frequency band below 4 Hz, commonly observed during deep sleep.

    • Theta: Frequency band from 4 Hz to less than 8 Hz, associated with light sleep and relaxation.

    Brain Topography

    • Topography: Refers to the spatial distribution of waveforms on the brain's surface, indicating their location (frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital) and pattern characteristics (lateralized, focal, diffuse).

    • Anterior: Refers to the front portion of the brain.

    • Posterior: Refers to the back portion of the brain.

    • Ventral: Describes the front side of the brain.

    • Dorsal: Describes the back side of the brain.

    • Frontal: Pertains to the front part of the brain, including cognitive functions.

    • Central: Relates to the area surrounding the central sulcus, a significant landmark in brain anatomy.

    • Temporal: Connected to the temporal lobe, involved in auditory processing.

    • Parietal Lobe: Located posterior to the central area, above the occipital region.

    • Occipital: The back part of the brain responsible for visual processing.

    Waveforms and Patterns

    • Complex: A waveform consisting of multiple frequencies and morphologies.

    • Paroxysmal slowing: Also referred to as FIRDA, marked by sudden changes in brain activity.

    • Electrodecremental: Refers to a rapid loss of amplitude with a quick return to the previous brain activity pattern.

    • Attenuation: Signifies a reduction in the amplitude of EEG activity.

    Lateralization and Localization

    • Lateralized: Activity occurring in only one hemisphere of the brain.

    • Bilateral: Activity occurring across both hemispheres.

    • Contralateral: Involves the opposite side of the head or body from where the activity is observed.

    • Focal: Activity localized to a specific brain area.

    • Multifocal: Involves several independent areas of brain activity, such as multifocal paroxysmal spike discharges.

    • Generalized: Activity present simultaneously across all recording electrodes.

    Electrode and Recording Techniques

    • Montage: An organized configuration of electrode derivations collected simultaneously during EEG.

    • Derivation: A pair of electrodes functioning as a single channel for EEG recording.

    • Dipole: Characterized by two equal and opposite charges separated by a short distance.

    • Horizontal dipole: When surface electrodes capture both the positive and negative ends of a generator in EEG.

    Anatomical Orientation

    • Sagittal: Pertaining to the plane dividing the body into right and left halves.

    • Parasagittal: Refers to EEG planes running parallel to the midline.

    • Transverse: Describes the horizontal plane across the head from left to right.

    • Vertex: The topmost point of the skull, represented by the electrode area Cz in EEG.

    EEG Activity and Artifacts

    • Background activity: Represents normal EEG patterns observed in resting patients during asymptomatic periods, with eyes closed.

    • Artifact: Any extraneous signals in an EEG record resulting from non-cerebral sources, such as EKG, pulse, or eye movements.

    • PLEDS: Abbreviation for periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges, indicative of specific brain activity patterns.

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    Test your knowledge of key medical terminology related to electroencephalography (EEG). This quiz covers essential terms and definitions that are crucial for understanding EEG procedures and practices. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.

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