Seizure

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What is the likely cause of the termination of a generalized tonic-clonic attack?

Alkalosis caused by overbreathing

Massive simultaneous activation of many reverberating neuronal pathways

Strong emotional stimuli

Active inhibition by inhibitory neurons (correct)

What is the predisposition of people who have generalized tonic-clonic attacks?

Genetic

Environmental

Hereditary (correct)

Acquired

What type of lesions can cause excess excitability of local brain areas?

Traumatic lesions in almost any part of the brain (correct)

Traumatic lesions in the brain stem

Infectious lesions in the cerebellum

Inflammatory lesions in the spinal cord

What is the typical EEG pattern during the tonic phase of a generalized tonic-clonic seizure?

High-voltage, high-frequency discharges Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely cause of excess excitability of local brain areas?

Traumatic lesions in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the seizures that usually begin in childhood or early adolescence?

Absence seizures (Petit Mal seizures) Signup and view all the answers

What is the brain system likely involved in absence seizures?

Thalamocortical brain activating system Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration range typically observed during an absence seizure?

3 to 30 seconds Signup and view all the answers

During an absence seizure, which muscle region is most commonly affected by twitchlike contractions?

Head muscles Signup and view all the answers

What can occasionally initiate a generalized tonic-clonic (grand mal) attack?

An absence seizure Signup and view all the answers

What pattern is exhibited on the brain wave recording of a person with absence seizure epilepsy?

Spike and dome pattern Signup and view all the answers

Which regions of the brain do generalized tonic-clonic seizures presumably involve?

The thalamus, the subthalamic brain stem, and the cerebral cortex Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical brain wave activity recorded from the thalamus during generalized tonic-clonic seizures?

High-voltage activity Signup and view all the answers

Which system is majorly involved during an absence seizure as shown in brain wave recordings?

Thalamocortical activating system Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes generalized epileptic seizures at the outset?

Diffuse and excessive neuronal discharges Signup and view all the answers

What are generalized seizures primarily subdivided on the basis of?

Ictal motor manifestations Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of generalized tonic-clonic seizures?

Abrupt loss of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What may cause cyanosis during a generalized tonic-clonic seizure?

Difficulty breathing Signup and view all the answers

How long does a usual generalized tonic-clonic seizure last?

From a few seconds to 3 to 4 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What typically happens to the person after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure?

Stupor followed by sleep Signup and view all the answers