Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the word 'curriculum' mean?
What does the word 'curriculum' mean?
The curriculum includes only organized activities inside the school.
The curriculum includes only organized activities inside the school.
False
What is the key difference between curriculum and syllabus?
What is the key difference between curriculum and syllabus?
The curriculum refers to all planned learning opportunities, while the syllabus is a concise description of the content to be taught.
The process or the method of teaching is known as __________.
The process or the method of teaching is known as __________.
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Match the following types of pedagogy to their description:
Match the following types of pedagogy to their description:
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What is evaluation primarily concerned with?
What is evaluation primarily concerned with?
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Curriculum planning should not be done in advance.
Curriculum planning should not be done in advance.
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Name one step involved in developing a project.
Name one step involved in developing a project.
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Which imaging technique uses water in the brain to create high-resolution images?
Which imaging technique uses water in the brain to create high-resolution images?
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Interference is one of the causes of forgetting.
Interference is one of the causes of forgetting.
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What does metacognition mean?
What does metacognition mean?
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The process of generating many ideas for solving a problem is known as __________.
The process of generating many ideas for solving a problem is known as __________.
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Match the following types of thinking with their definitions:
Match the following types of thinking with their definitions:
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Which of the following is NOT a condition that stimulates thinking?
Which of the following is NOT a condition that stimulates thinking?
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Logic is the science of decision making.
Logic is the science of decision making.
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What is the process of choosing among various courses of action known as?
What is the process of choosing among various courses of action known as?
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_________ is a system of thinking that involves a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.
_________ is a system of thinking that involves a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.
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What are propositions?
What are propositions?
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What is defined as the ability to understand, use, and manage one's own emotions?
What is defined as the ability to understand, use, and manage one's own emotions?
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The Flynn Effect refers to a decrease in IQ due to environmental factors.
The Flynn Effect refers to a decrease in IQ due to environmental factors.
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What are the fundamental characteristics of personality?
What are the fundamental characteristics of personality?
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Learning is the acquisition and development of memories and behaviors, including skills, knowledge, and __________.
Learning is the acquisition and development of memories and behaviors, including skills, knowledge, and __________.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Which of the following is NOT considered a type of attention?
Which of the following is NOT considered a type of attention?
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Selective attention involves focusing on multiple stimuli at once.
Selective attention involves focusing on multiple stimuli at once.
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What is the primary cause of individual differences?
What is the primary cause of individual differences?
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The ability to pay attention to a particular voice among many is referred to as the __________.
The ability to pay attention to a particular voice among many is referred to as the __________.
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Match the following intelligence theories to their proponents:
Match the following intelligence theories to their proponents:
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Which of the following stages is NOT part of the memory process?
Which of the following stages is NOT part of the memory process?
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Personality can be static and unchanging throughout an individual's life.
Personality can be static and unchanging throughout an individual's life.
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What defines metacognitive ability?
What defines metacognitive ability?
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According to Allport, the traits that are less pervasive than cardinal traits but are still generalized are called __________ traits.
According to Allport, the traits that are less pervasive than cardinal traits but are still generalized are called __________ traits.
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What is the definition of inclusion in education?
What is the definition of inclusion in education?
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Disability refers only to the limitations of the environment, not the individual.
Disability refers only to the limitations of the environment, not the individual.
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What is a handicap?
What is a handicap?
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Mental retardation is characterized by subnormal __________.
Mental retardation is characterized by subnormal __________.
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Match each type of disability with its definition:
Match each type of disability with its definition:
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Which of the following describes mobile learning (M-learning)?
Which of the following describes mobile learning (M-learning)?
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Blended learning combines various approaches to learning.
Blended learning combines various approaches to learning.
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Define e-learning.
Define e-learning.
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The application of scientific methods to education is known as __________ technology.
The application of scientific methods to education is known as __________ technology.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of educational technology?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of educational technology?
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Problem-based learning is primarily instructor-driven.
Problem-based learning is primarily instructor-driven.
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What defines inquiry-based learning?
What defines inquiry-based learning?
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The term __________ refers to the combination of multiple learning approaches.
The term __________ refers to the combination of multiple learning approaches.
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Match each type of art with its description:
Match each type of art with its description:
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Mention one objective of educational activities.
Mention one objective of educational activities.
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Study Notes
Chapter 1: Curriculum and Pedagogy
- Curriculum Definition: Derived from the Latin "curere" meaning "course," the curriculum outlines how educational aims are achieved. Kerr defines it as all learning planned and guided by the school, whether in groups or individually, inside or outside the school.
- Curriculum Characteristics: Includes all learning opportunities, is planned and guided by the school, involves teacher-learner-curriculum interaction, can be planned for individuals or groups, can be implemented inside or outside the school, and encompasses organized and informal activities.
- Syllabus Definition: The syllabus is the content taught, based on curriculum objectives. It concisely describes topics, concepts, and issues in a structured sequence.
- Pedagogy Definition: Pedagogy encompasses the methods and strategies of teaching. It's derived from Ancient Greek, literally meaning "to lead the child."
- Types of Pedagogy: Lecture method, lecture-cum-discussion, teaching-learning materials, activity method, story-telling, blended learning, problem-based learning, and others exist.
- Evaluation Definition: Evaluation is more than just testing; it's interpreting measurements and judging the value of work. Measurement forms the basis for evaluation, which involves testing, sorting, and measuring student capabilities against standards and others' work.
- Project Work Development Steps: Select a topic, define the project's purpose, gather information/record data, acquire materials, organize information/data, record observations.
Chapter 2: Inclusion and Disability
- Inclusion: A philosophy where schools welcome all children, regardless of ability, aiming to provide equal education opportunities.
- Disability: A term encompassing various functional limitations in any population, viewed from the child's perspective, not the environment.
- Handicap: A limitation of opportunities to participate in community life on equal terms, viewed from the environment's perspective, not the child's.
- Mental Retardation: A condition of arrested or incomplete mind development, characterized by sub-normal intelligence.
- Locomotor Disability: Disability of bones, joints, or muscles, significantly restricting limb movement, or any form of cerebral palsy.
- Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD): Difficulties in receiving, recognising, encoding, classifying, analyzing, synthesizing, or storing information.
- Multiple Disabilities: More than one type of disability in one individual (e.g., blindness and retardation).
- Gifted Individuals: High-performing individuals, highly creative, motivated, and intelligent. Traits include high task commitment, above-average general ability, and high creativity.
Chapter 3: Visual and Performing Arts
- Visual Arts: Art forms creating visual images, including sketching, drawing, painting, and photography.
- Plastic Arts: Visual arts using moldable materials to create three-dimensional objects (e.g., sculpture, architecture).
- Visual vs. Performing Arts: Visual arts express feelings, emotions, opinions, and tastes through visual mediums, while performing arts use performance (e.g., theatre, music, public speaking).
- Aims of Education (in context of Arts): Develop hidden potential, promote all-round personality development, provide a medium for self-expression, foster social responsibility, and encourage appreciation and preservation of cultural heritage.
Chapter 4: Educational Technology & Methods
- M-Learning (Mobile Learning): Learning across locations leveraging portable technology. Distinct from e-learning, focusing on context.
- Blended Learning: Combining classroom instruction with online resources for follow-up activities.
- Project-Based Learning (PBL): Using classroom projects with technology and inquiry to engage students in relevant issues.
- E-Learning (Electronic Learning): Learning where instructor and student are separated by space or time, bridged by online technology.
- Inquiry-Based Learning: Learning centered around student-generated questions.
- Problem-Based Learning (PBL): Student-centered instruction where students collaborate to solve problems and reflect on experiences.
- Distance Education: Focuses on pedagogy, technology, and instructional systems for delivery to students not physically present.
- Educational Technology Characteristics: Modern, dynamic, science-based, encourages controlled learning environment.
- Educational Technology Definition (by B.P. Lulla): Application of scientific methods to education.
- Instructional Design: Arranging media and content to effectively transfer knowledge for learners and educators. Based on cognitive and behavioral psychology.
- Learning Definition: Acquisition and development of memories and behaviors (skills, knowledge, understanding, values).
Chapter 5: Individual Differences
- Cognitive Styles: Modes of perception, memory, thinking, problem-solving, decision-making, and information processing abilities.
- Metacognitive Ability: An individual's ability to learn.
- Aptitude: One's ability to perform certain types of work.
- Causes of Individual Differences: Heredity and environment.
Chapter 6: Intelligence and Emotional Quotient
- Intelligence (Gardner): Ability to solve problems or create products valued within cultural contexts.
- Thurstone's PMA Factors: Verbal comprehension, fluency, inductive reasoning, spatial visualization, number facility, memory, perceptual speed, problem-solving, and deductive reasoning.
- Flynn Effect: Increase in average IQ scores over time due to various factors.
- Emotional Quotient (EQ): Ability to understand, use, and manage emotions to handle stress, communicate effectively, empathize, overcome challenges, and resolve conflict.
Chapter 7: Personality
- Personality Definition: Derived from the Latin "persona" (mask), personality represents how others perceive an individual.
- Personality Definitions (from various perspectives): Guilford (unique pattern of traits), Allport (dynamic organization), etc.
- Fundamental Characteristics of Personality: Unique, unified, dynamic (not static), what one is.
- Factors Determining Personality: Biological, nature, traits, unconscious mechanisms, learning, cognitive processes, social/cultural, and personal factors (including physical structure, intelligence, motivation).
- Freudian Slip: The error in speech due to constant struggle between the id, ego, and superego.
- Allport's Personality Traits: Cardinal (most pervasive), central (less pervasive), secondary (specific, attitude-based).
Chapter 8: Attention
- Attention Definitions: Concentration of mental effort on events or things. Different definitions exist from various perspectives.
- Selective Attention: Ability to select and process information while ignoring other stimuli.
- Cocktail Party Effect: Ability to focus on one conversation among multiple others.
- Attention and Interest Relationship: Attention is a selective mental act, interest can drive attention, a lack of it can hinder engagement.
- Types of Attention: Sensory (objects), intellectual (ideas/representations), immediate (intrinsic interest), derived (interest connected to another stimulus).
Chapter 9: Memory
- Stages of Memory: Encoding (receiving, processing), storage (permanent record), retrieval (calling back information).
- Brain Mapping Tools: CAT scans, MRI, DTI (diffusion tensor MRI).
- Causes of Forgetting: Decay, interference, repression, lack of interest/attention.
- Mnemonics: Techniques for improving memory.
- Metacognition: Thinking about one's own thinking processes.
Chapter 10: Thinking and Reasoning
- Thinking: Concentrating on an issue mentally.
- Thinking Attributes: Concept formation, judging, reasoning, imagining, problem-solving, abstracting.
- Brainstorming Activities: Generating many ideas to solve a problem.
- Lateral Thinking: Approaching a situation from unusual angles.
- Creative Thinking: Generating new, unique ideas.
- Critical Thinking: Evaluating claims, evidence, and conclusions carefully.
- Themed-Based Writing: Writing stories, poems, or articles on specific themes.
- Stimulants of Thinking: Images, concepts, symbols, language.
- Concept Formation: Identifying common properties in a class of objects/ideas.
- Propositions: Sentences relating one concept to another, with independent assertions..
- Decision Making: Choosing among various courses of action.
- Problem Solving: Identifying a problem, exploring possibilities, seeking solutions.
Chapter 11: Logic and Reasoning
- Logic: The science of thinking.
- Reasoning: Validity of arguments, achieving conclusions using reasoning ability.
- Syllogism: A reasoning system with three steps—major premise, minor premise, and conclusion—developed by Aristotle.
- Steps of Reasoning/Critical Thinking: Knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in educational psychology including curriculum, pedagogy, metacognition, and evaluation. Test your understanding of different teaching methods and the mental processes involved in learning and decision-making.
