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Questions and Answers
What did John B. Watson propose about behavior?
What did John B. Watson propose about behavior?
According to Freud, what is the basis of human behavior?
According to Freud, what is the basis of human behavior?
What is a key focus of the humanistic perspective in psychology?
What is a key focus of the humanistic perspective in psychology?
Which of the following psychologists is associated with the humanistic perspective?
Which of the following psychologists is associated with the humanistic perspective?
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Which concept is most closely linked to Skinner's work in behaviorism?
Which concept is most closely linked to Skinner's work in behaviorism?
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What did the activity involving shapes with dots demonstrate?
What did the activity involving shapes with dots demonstrate?
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Which aspect of behaviorism focuses on environmental influence?
Which aspect of behaviorism focuses on environmental influence?
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What aspect of self does the humanistic perspective primarily focus on?
What aspect of self does the humanistic perspective primarily focus on?
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Which theorist is known for the concept of conditioning alongside Pavlov?
Which theorist is known for the concept of conditioning alongside Pavlov?
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What psychological perspective examines unconscious motives for behavior?
What psychological perspective examines unconscious motives for behavior?
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Study Notes
Educational Psychology
- School psychologists collaborate with educators and families to enhance children's cognitive, emotional, and social development.
- Focus on counselling children facing academic, emotional, or behavioral challenges in elementary and secondary schools.
Developmental Psychology
- Explores human growth and changes from conception to death across physical, motor, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, social, and linguistic domains.
- Suggests counselling strategies to alleviate issues at various developmental stages.
- Researches and imparts knowledge on mental processes and behaviors as influenced by age and experiences.
Social Psychology
- Examines how the presence of others affects thoughts, feelings, and actions.
- Investigates social behavior and thought processes, influencing adjustment patterns, self-esteem, and self-worth.
Cognitive Perspective
- Views the human mind as an information processing system, akin to a computer's operations.
- Emphasizes the mind's active role in constructing knowledge through exploration of the physical and social environment.
Development of Psychology in India
- Early 20th century saw psychology in India at a foundational stage with strong Western influences.
- Establishment of the first psychological laboratory in Calcutta in 1916 marked significant progression in the discipline.
- Narendra Nath Sen Gupta, a notable figure, founded the Indian Psychological Association and the Indian Journal of Psychology.
- Indian exploration of cognition led to studies on Indian theories of perception by Jadunath Sinha in 1934.
- Integration of ancient Indian psychology with modern Western psychology is ongoing.
Behavioristic Perspective
- Centers on observable, measurable behavior, rejecting internal states as subjects of study.
- John B Watson is credited as the first behaviorist, highlighting the impact of the environment on behavior.
- Key figures like Skinner and Pavlov studied learning processes through conditioning and reinforcement.
Psychodynamic Perspective
- Founded by Sigmund Freud, emphasizes unconscious motivations and desires in human behavior.
- Freud's theories include hypnosis and dream interpretation, making significant contributions to understanding human psychology.
Humanistic Perspective
- Focuses on self-actualization and the individual's sense of self.
- Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow advocated for understanding one's potential to bridge the gap between real self and ideal self.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in educational and developmental psychology, emphasizing the collaboration between psychologists, educators, and families to support children's growth. Explore the various strategies for counseling children facing emotional and behavioral challenges throughout their development.
